Author: Clenche, John. Title: A tour in France & Italy, made by an English Gentleman, 1675 Date: 1676 Bibliographic name / number: Wing (CD-ROM, 1996) / C4639 Physical description: [2], 123, [1] p. Copy from: Folger Shakespeare Library, Washington, D.C Reel position: Wing / 2460:05 Table of Contents ›› Opens in popup window Printable Version A tour in France & Italy, made by an English Gentleman, 1675 270Kb A Text Creation Partnership digital edition TCP Phase II Added to EEBO in December 2014 View document image [1] Document Images View document image [1] Document Images A TOUR IN France & Italy, Made by an English Gentleman, 1675. LONDON, Printed for the Author, 167Single illegible letter. View document image [2] Document Images ERRATA. Page. Line. Errors. Corrections. 17. 3. Appear, Appearing. 18. 5. Hand, End. 20. 2. Tower, Town. 35. 16. Duae, Dux. 47. 5. Calacumes, Catacumes. 63. 8. Capital, Capitol. 68. 25. Unitage, Vintage. 72. 19. Carso, Corso. 79. 6. Monta, Monte. Ibid. 8. Fontana, Fontane. 80. 9. Capital, Capitol. biId. 13. Corile, Cortile. 82. 16. Of the some Pillars, &c. Of the Emperor Ner|va, some Pillars, &c. 83. 25. Are seaven, &c. The sette Sale are 7. 84. 21. di Bave, di Bove. Ibid. 26. Auma, Numa. 85. 16. The Colonna is, The Colonna Triana is. 86. 25. Guglio, Guglia Vaticana, &c. Ibid. Ult. a paret loco, a patre looo. 87. 28. Teaching, touching spiritual matters, &c. 99. 28 & 29. Are Denominicon 1020 are 1020. put into 16. Troops, &c. Ibid. 30. The Foot of the same, 25078. The Foot of the same denomina|tion, 25078. 111. In the Mar|gent. Pope oblig'd. Pope obey'd. 114. 5. Publickly, Politickly. View document image [2] containing page [1] Document Images A TOUR IN France & Italy. DIEPPE, a Town, but indifferently Forti|fied, Note in marg: Dieppe. the Walls old, has an ancient Fort that commands the Port, and a Castle of the same Date, that does the like to the Land: The Harbour pretty safe, but very small: The little Trade they have, is Fish, yet most of it comes from Rye, Hastings, &c. Is worse built than Calice; has several Monasteries, and a Preschè (as they call it) or Hugenots Church, which has a very great Congregation. View document image [3] Document Images ROUEN, A large Timber-built Town, not much un|like Note in marg: u n. London within the Walls, before the Fire; The Scituation within Hills, that hang over it on every side; has a good Wall on three parts of it, and the River Seine on the other, which there is pretty large, the Tyde rising in it to a considerable heighth, so that great Vessels come up to the Quay, which is the most beautiful Street it has, being broad, and just the length of the Town: The River formerly had a Stone Bridge, and some of the Arches are still remaining, but its ra|pidity and the great shoales of Ice destroyed it: At present, it has a Bridge of 19. large Boats, which is the most extraordinary thing in France, and a Duty on Merchandize maintains it: Beyond the River is a place set with some Trees, where the Ladies in the E|venings make their Tour: It has a Parlement, is an Arch-Bishops Seat, has 70. Churches and Monasteries, and 32. Parishes; Their best Ghurch was built by the English, and their finest Monastery is now of English Women: It is esteemed to have in it 600000. Souls; by which crowd of Sluttish People, ill Scituation, and narrow Streets, it is most abominable filthy: It has an ill favour'd Bourse, hung with ugly Pictures of their French Kings; a small Trade for all sorts of Merchan|dize, but the most considerable Commodity is English Lead: The Country thither, indifferent Fertile and Plea|sant, most of it Corn, with some scatter'd Woods, Copses, and Apple Trees set in order on every side the Road, which serves in lieu of Vines. PARIS,Is a great City, yet not above half as big Note in marg: Paris. as London; the Building high, most of Stone, the Streets narrow, the Windows, Doors, and Shops, not very good; the Paving inconvenient for Horses at all times, and men in moist weather; being of large slip|pery View document image [3] Document Images stones of near a foot broad; has abundance of Pa|laces which have no back Yards, nor stately Entrance; their Coaches stand in the Court, and their Stables under their Lodgings; their Rooms of State, all with the deformity of great unproportion'd Timber appearing on the Ceilings, nor excus'd by gilding, and the Churches neither beautiful nor neat: The River Seine runs through part of it, but is there so shallow, that it serves for nothing in the Summer but to wash their Cloaths, which they do upon long flat Boats: The Scituation is upon a level, excepting a little assent at the East|end; the Air so good, that it was never known to have the Plague, though there be ill Scents enough to make it continually suspected: The principal Traffick of this City, is, their Language, Dancing, Fencing and Riding-Masters, Babies, Toyes, &c. with which they supply all Europe, yet have enough left for their own use. LOUURE, Has only one end, and one side of Note in marg: Louure. it finish'd; and when the rest shall be added, will be one of the most extraordinary Pallaces in the World, both as to its Greatness and Figure, not any in Italy resembling it in either: Behind it is the great Gar|den of the Tuilleries, which is near half as long as St. James's Park: Is prettily planted with Firr-Trees, Cypress, &c. and would be very fine, were they grown up, and that it had Gravel-Walks. Beyond this, is the Cour de la Reyne, a place by the River-side, set with Trees about a Mile long, like the great Walk in St. James's Park; wherein the Coaches take the Air in the Evening, and with some jostling, pass and turn, there being in the middle, and at the end, round places for that purpose. The end of the Louure has this Prospect, wherein is the Kings own Appartment, View document image [4] containing page [4] Document Images which contains these Rooms; Guard-Chamber, Ante-Chamber, Dressing-Room, Bed-Chamber, a Closet for Private Councel, another for Devotions, a large Cham|ber for his Toys or Bijous, a Room built Gallery-wise to give Audience to Embassadors, a grand Sall for Ballets, and a Chamber for Comedies, with Theatre and Benches: Upon the same Floor is the Queens Appartment, which in every respect is as rich and large; but has one Room more, which is a Bed-Chamber distinct, for them to lye together; Under these (the Ground-Chambers) is the Dauphins, which are the same with those above: In these Lodgings there is much Gilding and Painting, Cabbinets of Eb|bony, inlay'd with Brass-Work, some Statues, &c. In one of the lower Rooms, is all the Models of the Towns in Holland and Flanders, with their exact For|tifications, Rivers, &c. In another, are ten thou|sand Poppits, representing so many French Souldiers for the Dauphin to exercise, being made to turn and charge at Pleasure: To this, which makes one side of the Louure, is a Gallery about 800. yards long, and 10 broad, seeming to have been design'd for a Sumptuous Rope-House, and as such the Architecture Merits praise; under it are the Kings Stables, conve|niently plac'd for the River. GARDEMEUBLE, In the Old Louure, is the Note in marg: Gardemeuble. Gardemeu|ble. great Ward-robe kept, wherein are several Rich Beds, Canopies, &c. his extraordinary Chair of State, the glorious Rigging of his great Ship, Damask Sails em|broider'd with Gold, and Cordage suitable, Hangings for the exceeding long Gallery, many great pieces of white Plate, two large Cisterns us'd for Baptizing of the Dauphin, 24. mighty Dishes or Basons for Cup-Boords, 24. for Orenge-Trees, as many for Perfuming, View document image [4] containing page [5] Document Images two Candle-sticks of prodigious heighth and weight; se|veral Stands near as big; 24. great frames for fruit and Banquets; a great Table with Figures emboss'd upon it of the Chariot of the Sun, &c. Some great Ewres, with other Plate of less weight and show, but none of Gold: Next to this is a little Armory, where the most remarkable suite of Armes is that, was given the King by the Venetians, very finely engraved with the Figures and Prospects of the Conquer'd Towns in Flan|ders, &c. Is exceeding light, yet Musquet proof, as appears by the dint in it; there is besides several strange Weapons, Armour of China, &c. ARCH TRYUMPHAL, Of Wood, and painted; Note in marg: Arch Tryumphal. Try|umphal. but the exact Model of what is intended to be in Marble; in beauty exceeding any of the Ancient Ro|mans, erected by this present great Emperor of France, in honour of himself; upon which is to stand his fa|mous Statue by Bernino's hand. GOBLINS, A House built for the Kings Artificers, Note in marg: Goblins. such as Inlayers of Cabinets, Statuaries, Sculptors, Painters, Silver-Smiths, Tapistry-makers, &c. in all which, both great and small, the design is still the Kings Tryumphs, &c. OBSERVATOIRE, A Building not quite finish'd Note in marg: Observatoire. Observa|toire. for the Kings Chymists and Mathematical experiments, which besides the sinking, it has below the Surface of the ground, there is a descent of 171. large steps; which go so low into the Rock, that at one side you meet the River Seine; from the bottom of this, by a hole quite through the Building, the Stars may be seen at Noon|day; round about it are Labratories in two degrees or Stories: The Building is Stone, without any Timber; the Chambers Arch'd as well as the rest; the Quaries View document image [5] containing page [6] Document Images just by it, which yield a Stone so soft, that at first digging, they work almost as easie as Wood. INVALIDES, A sumptuous Hospital not quite fi|nish'd, Note in marg: Invalides. design'd for the maim'd Officers of the Army, and is therefore very large; it has two Courts, besides the Out-houses for Offices, &c. The first is equal to the Building of the Louure it self, and the Quadrangle as big as that of Christ-Church; for to honour it, the King, Queen, Duke, and Dutchess reserve Lodgings to themselves in it. PLACE-ROYAL, A square like Covent-Garden Note in marg: Place-Royal. Place-Roy|al. on Portico's, but neither the Arches nor Building so good; into the Piazza but one entrance, which makes it melancholly as a Convent. PALAIS, A great old Building which serves their Note in marg: Palais. Parliament, their Book-sellers and Milliners for an Exchange, their Merchants and Banquers for a Bourse, &c. but no room in it comparable to West|minster-Hall. PONTNUEF Crosses the Seine at the point of an Note in marg: Pontneuf. Island where the River divides, and therefore has seaven Arches one way, and but five another; 'tis broad and open, and rais'd on the sides for conveniency of walk|ing: At every twenty yards distance, an Iron-beam to hold a Lanthorn; at the end, next the Louure, stands a Clock that moves by the Water; in the middle, the brass Statue of Henry the Great on Horse-back, sent from Florence by Ferdinand the First. QUATRE NATIONS, A Church and Schooles Note in marg: Quatre Nations. Na|tions. built by Cardinal Mazarin; the Building pretty good, but the Cupola most remarkable, having much gilding about it; and like other French things, finer without than within. View document image [5] containing page [7] Document Images VALDEGRACE, A Monastery built by the Note in marg: Valdegrace. Queen-Mother, and the finest Structure they have; the Church little, but paved with Marble; the Quire rail'd with Iron, the Cupola lined with painting, the Pillars of the Tabernacle, well wrought Marble, adorned with Gilding, &c. PALAIS ROYAL, Monsieurs House, the building Note in marg: Palais Royal. Roy|al. low, within abundance of gross carving and gilding; the most remarkable thing, a suit of white Sattin Hangings, painted in flowers, which they say came from China; the Bed rail'd in with Balustres of Massy Silver, which they boast to be worth 20000. l. LUXEMBOURG, Both the House and Garden, the Note in marg: Luxembourg. Luxem|bourg. best in Paris; equalling to their bigness, the Louure it self, but by piques between Madle d'Orleans and the Dutchess of Guise, (the present Possessors) suffer'd to run to ruin. BASTIL, A little old square Castle with four Note in marg: Bastil. Towers, serving for great mens Prison, like the Tower of London, but more fatal to its Prisoners. PALAIS MAZARIN, Esteemed one of the first Note in marg: Palais Mazarin. Ma|zarin. Houses in France; resembles the first Court of Mon|sieurs, but the building higher. THEATRES, Much worse than ours, so are their Note in marg: Theatres. Plays: In their Opera's their Scenes are infinitely in|ferior to those of Venice, as well as their Voices and manner of singing, being as unlike as Froggs and Nightingals. FOIRE St. GERMAIN, A large piece of ground Note in marg: Foire St. Germain. under an ordinary cover of posts and tyles, divided into eight small Walks, or Streets; and the pleasure and benefit of it, is to cheapen, and then play for a Toy: It belongs to the Abbot, and yields him a very great Rent. View document image [6] containing page [8] Document Images TOWN-HOUSE, Has a good Front, one great Room, Note in marg: Townhouse. Town|house. with several Drawing-rooms, Offices for Clerks, &c. SORBONNE, The only Colledge that deserves Note in marg: Sorbonne. taking notice of, Re-built by Cardinal Richelieu A|lamoderna. St. DENYS, An old Church and Covnent, re|markable Note in marg: St. Denys. for its great Treasure of Gold, Jewels, Re|licks, Robes of Coronation, and for being Sepulchre to so many Kings and Saints. St. GERMAINS, Has a fine Scituation, but the Note in marg: St. Germains. Ger|mains. House out of fashion; stands upon a Hill, and the River Sein running by it; on one side of it a Forrest which is well Wooded, and Pleasant; on the other an agreeable Country of Vineyards and Corn; has but one Court, is not large, nor any Rooms in it excellent; only the Kings Closet is pretty, being lined with Looking-glasses, painted with Cupids on them, and what there is of wood, cover'd with Gilding, the Roof being a Cupola, the Glasses very prettily deceive the eye, and the Floar in proportion of beauty to the rest; the Garden not extraordinary, but suitable to the House. St. CLOUD, A House of Monsieurs, not large, but Note in marg: St. Cloud. pretty; stands upon a Hill, and the Garden (which is not yet in order) all the way descending to the River|side, the Cascade very good, which is ow'd to the Sci|tuation; has a great deal of Wood, but can never have any good Walks. RUEL, A House so little, that it can only serve Note in marg: Ruel. the King to Collation in; the Gardens and Walks the most & pleasantest in France; the whole enclosure of it, being 300. Acres of ground, gives such room for variety, that there are Corn-fields as well as Cascades and Fountains in it. View document image [6] containing page [9] Document Images VERSAILLE, Though it seem to be scituate in a Note in marg: Versaille. hole, being overlook'd on every side with Hills, yet ne|vertheless stands on a little rising ground; the Front has wings, which by a new addition, are become much too long for the body; 'tis stone, colour'd as brick; not high, and cover'd with blew slate; the ridge with Iron gilded, which lyes on each side in Flowre-de luces, &c. Between the Windows little heads in niches; and for yet greater Ornament, the Roof is adorn'd with Pinacles; to approach the Door, there are two ascents of Marble Diamond cut; on the last a little gilded jette d'eau; and in each corner, at the setting on of the wings, two gilded Vollerys, or Cages, stuck against the Wall like Martins Nests: It affords not above three Appart|ments; the Kings, the Queens, and Dauphins; has some rich Furniture, and much painting; but his Majestys Bed-Chamber is most Bizzare, being meubl'd principally with Purslain, which it has in greater quan|tity and variety than any Potters Shop in Europe; ad|joyning to this, and the Queens Appartment, is a Terrase pav'd with Marble, supported with Pillars, and a Bason in the mid'st of it: The Garden is very large, and being a continued descent from the House, makes that side of it to appear higher, and more beautiful; has many Fountains, Basons, Statues, and great Walks, with tall Trees and Hedges; at the lower end a Canal, in which is a Yacht with all her Rigging: The King and all the Court enjoy the pleasure of it in their Coaches; the Deep-loose Sand, rendring it not agreea|ble to walk in. The Ministers and Nobility have Houses set at some distance on a piece of ground waste like Common. TRIANO, half a mile from Versailles, stands a Note in marg: Triano. very fine Summer-House with Walks and Statues almost View document image [7] containing page [10] Document Images as beautiful as the other; the Roof all cover'd with Purslain Pots, or their Counterfeits; within furnish'd with Pictures, and paved with Marble. REGALIO, At the bottom of one of the great Note in marg: Regalio. shady Walks was an Amphitheatre, made of Boughs and Flowers, wherein was conceal'd three sets of Musick, with which the King did entertain the Ladys: In ano|ther open part of the Garden, amongst the Fountains, was an infinit number of Trees, set with their branches full of Candles; in the mid'st of them, a Table with a Machine upon it, whereon was most artificially hung, all manner of Fruit, as if it were natural, with branches, leaves, &c. In the middle of it, abundance of Wax-Candles, and round about the bottom, places for dishes and covers. COUNTRY, Towards Orleans has several agree|able Note in marg: Country. Hills, with pretty Houses on them, and two or three wall'd Towns, not much inferior to those upon the Loire. ORLEANS Is large, ill built, ill paved, not one Note in marg: Orleans. good House or Gentleman living in it, and yet has a|bout forty Churches; it stands on the River Loire, which is very broad and beautiful, but very shallow; its chiefest Trade is Wine and Corn; the Fortifica|tions gone to ruin. AMBOIS, A little wretched Wall'd Town, remark|able Note in marg: Ambois. for a Staggs horn, kill'd by Francis the First in the Forrest of Ardenne, which are fifteen foot high; his ribs they show seaven foot long, and of a prodigious thickness, and the joynt of his neck, which is a solid bone, is a foot diameter, all kept in the old ruinous Castle there; in which there is nothing else to be ob|serv'd, but a winding Stair-case, made for Coaches to run up, 35. fathoms to the Chambers; the Prospect of View document image [7] containing page [11] Document Images the Country from it is extream pleasant, the River very large, which having forsaken his old Channel, has there two stone Bridges. BLOIS Has nothing good in it but its Scitua|tion. Note in marg: Blois. MARMOUSTIER, A large Abby, wherein is kept Note in marg: Marmoustier. Marmou|stier. the St. Ampoule, that anointed Henry the Fourth; it ebbs and flows with the Moon, and was sent from Hea|ven to cure St. Martins Legg, which the Devil made him break by stealing away the Stair-case from his Chamber (now a pretty Marble Chappel on the side of the Church;) they also show a vast Tunn, wherein he kept his Wine, which probably was the Friend that stole away the Stairs. TOURS Is not near so big as Orleans, though Note in marg: Tours. pretty large; the Houses are most of them cover'd with blew slate, as well on the sides as roofe; the Streets narrow, the best Church (St. Gratian) built by the English, and has the Windows painted as if they were Enamell'd; by the Rampart is a long Walk or Maille well set with Trees: It had a Castle, but now Ruins; along the River-side, is a Rock, under which there are infinit numbers of Burroughs of People, like those of Coneys; the Trade is Spinning, Weaving, and or|dering of Silks; it is an Arch Bishops Seat, the Sci|tuation in that part of the Country which they call the Garden of France. SAUMURE, A little Wall'd Town under a Hill, Note in marg: Saumure. close by the Loire, not bigger than Windsor-Castle; the Walls very clean and free from Buildings: In the Subburbs, which is much larger than the Town, is a pretty new Cloister of Nostre dame d'Ardilliers, wherein is every day wrought Miracles: From the brow of the Hill, on which stands an old Ruinous Castle, View document image [8] containing page [12] Document Images there is a Prospect of a Country something like that about Windsor; it has abundance of Hugenots and their Churches, as in other Citys, without the Walls, and Subsists by being a School to Germans and Eng|lish. In the Road to Richelieu are two eminent Con|vents, Note in marg: 2 Convents. of the Order of St. Benoist, of Men and Women remarkable, in that the Men are sub|ject to the Women, and receive their Orders from them; the Lady Abbess is Sister to Madam Montes|pan, and in her Chappel lye two Kings of England Bury'd, who were Benefactors to it, Henry the Second, and Richard Cordelyon. RICHELIEU: The famous Pallace of Richelieu Note in marg: Richelieu. is much less, and much lower Scituated than Aud|lyend; has a Mote about it, and a Canal at 50. yards distance again from that, which with several Cutts and Ditches, go a second time round it; in breadth it is a single House, has but one chief Court, the Stables and Offices plac'd on each hand in the approach to it, the Chambers are pretty square Rooms, but their Roofs all too low, which their heavy Timbers make to appear worse; there is great store of carved work on the Chimneys, Doors and Joice, and much French painting on the Ceelings: The Park exceeds the Garden, being very fine in its kind; has some Stags in it, a thing so rare in France, that they wonder at them there as Monsters: Near to this Pallace, is a Town built by the same Cardinal, and exactly Uniform, Wall'd and Moted too; it consists of one Street and two broad places at each end, whereof the one is a Market, but is so desolate and poor, that one would suspect the Plague were in it. View document image [8] containing page [13] Document Images Angers Stands upon the Main, a River that runs Note in marg: Angers. into the Loire, and almost as fair; 'tis Wall'd, ill built, not large, has an old Castle almost ruinous, which is yet a Garrison, and they show in it a Cage of wood, in a Dungeon, wherein was formerly kept Pri|soner a Queen of Scicily 21. years; it has a very good Maille set with double rows of Trees on each side, near as long as that in St. James's Park; not far from it a little Forrest, the Country about it, low, yet Wooded, Fertile, and Pleasant. NANTS, Is less than Angers, but rather better Biult, Note in marg: Nants. they have an old Castle litile worth, which with suit|able Walls is all their Fortification: In the Carmelites Church, there is a Tomb of Francis the 2d. Duke of Bretagne, wrought by Mich. Colombus, which has ma|ny Figures about it, and all perfect; the Country is flat and woody, stands near the Sea, and upon the Loire, but its principal Trade is Brandy; near the Town, the Prince of Conde has a House which has a good Prospect. ROCHEL Is less than Nants, has two or three Note in marg: Rochel. Streets built with low. Arches, under which are all their Trades-men, like an Exchange, and excepting those, and some few Houses, the Town is very ordinary, not having one good Church: The Harbour is little, and too shallow at flowing water for any Ship of bur|then; it has towards the Sea, two Block-houses for its defence, which is in effect all its Fortification: 'Tis almost all Hugenots, and their principal Trade, Salt: The Country from Nants thither, something resem|bling England, being Enclosure and Pastorage, ex|cepting a Fen of seaven Leagues next Rochel; the Sheep very remarkable, being most black, with white foreheads and tayles. View document image [9] containing page [14] Document Images ROCHFORT, The place where the King builds Note in marg: Rochfort. and lays up his lightest Ships of 40, 50, 60, and 70. Guns; the Charante a little dirty River, or rather Ditch, not so large as Puddle-dock, being the Har|bour wherein they ride; and so shallow, as well as narrow, that they cannot sail with their Guns in them; at the mouth of it is a little Fort, and by the side of it is a fine Store-house built of Free-stone, the length of 20. Ships, with several Appartments for such a number which lye every one over against their own dressing-room, and have their Terrible Names upon black Marble, in Golden letters over every door: The Country thereabouts Marshy and bad. BLAYE, A great old Castle upon the River Giron; Note in marg: Blaye. the use of it to examine such Ships as pass to Bour|deaux, and the place where the English Trading for Wine were to leave their Guns; with this River, two Leagues nearer Bourdeaux the Garonne and Dor|dogne joyn, all which are muddy and troubled as a Torrent or Land-flood. BOURDEAUX Stands upon the Garonne, a River Note in marg: Bourdeaux. more like Earth than Water, being near the Sea, is there very broad: It has one good Street with two or three good Houses in it; the rest of the Town narrow and ill built: It has 12. Parishes, but never a good Church; is govern'd by a Mayor, and six Jurats or Aldermen, is an Arch-Bishops Seat, and has a Parli|ament: Close to it stands a new Cittadel call'd Chasteau Trompette, design'd more to awe the City than defend it, which makes the Inhabitants hate the name of it; 'tis very regular and beautiful, has two Ditches; with|in the outwardmost is conveniencies for Horse, and in the other for Foot: The Country about it is a flat, cover'd with Vines; their sole Trade, Wine, which scarce any but the English buys. View document image [9] containing page [15] Document Images POITIERS, A stragling ill Scituated Town, low Note in marg: Poitiers. Marshy ground about it, and no good Water in it; the circuit of the Walls shews it has been larger much than it is; the best Building is the Church of St. Pe|ter, by Harry the 2d. King of England; 'tis a Bishops Seat, and govern'd by a Mayor. CADILLIAC, A little infignificant Wall'd Town, Note in marg: Cadilliac. but the Duke of Espernons House there is not much inferior to that of Richelieu, being of the same sort of Building, and has a better Scituation, has finer Gardens and Orengery; but the dispute by his Nephews about the Title, makes it very much out of Repair. AGEN, A Wall'd Town, stands upon the Garonne, Note in marg: Agen. neither well built, large, nor otherwise considerable, only that Scalligers House is there to be seen, and is a Bishops Seat; on the side of a Hill near it, is the Habitation of five Hermits, who have very good Ap|partments hewn out of the solid Rock; as also a Church, in which is a Spring that does wonders, produc'd there by the Tears of a Female Saint 13000. years agoe; the Father that shew'd it me, has been there 45. years, and is the most Devout, most Reverend, and most Simple Old Man I have seen; from hence is ea|sily discerned the Pyrenees, and a Country both fertile and pleasant. MONTAUBAN, A little Town, pretty well built; Note in marg: Montauban the Market place has all the Houses upon Arches, and under them their Shops; in one part of it, is a pub|lick Fountain, which no Town else in France can boast, nor so good Wine and Provisions; 'tis a Bishops Seat, but consists most of Hugenots. TOULOUSE Stands on a flat, is not bigger than Note in marg: Toulouse. Rouen, but esteemed the second City of France; is generally built of a pale soft brick, and so are the View document image [10] containing page [16] Document Images Churches, which might be demolished by scratching; it has divers Monasteries, and some very large; a fine Town-house, and at the West-end, a very good bridge, almost equal to Pontneuf, but the River under it not to be prais'd in the Summer: The Soyl is so hot, that in three months the Dead are dryed and taken up a|gain, and put into Vaults, where they may be Vi|sited: It has an Arch-Bishop and a Court of Parlia|ment, who glory in the priviledge of raising such mo|ney as the King requires themselves, and not to have the Officers of the Taille among them: It swarms with Lawyers, and is Poorer than any other part of France; yet the Country from Bourdeaux thither, the most fertile of the Kingdom, lying between two Rivers, and two ridges of Hills. CARCASSONNE Is in two parts, both distinctly Note in marg: Carcassonne. Carcas|sonne. Wall'd, call'd the Citty and the Town, but neither of them worth notice, nor yet the Castle; the Country here is stony and barren, and about this Town are the first Olive-Trees I found. NARBONNE Is the Frontier Town to Spain, Note in marg: Narbonne. stands low and unhealthfully, but pretty well Fortified; is an Arch-Bishops Seat, whose House is the best there; it has some pieces of Bridges, Aquaduets, &c. remain|ing of the ancient Romans; has no River, but a cut out of the Aude. BEZIERS Has a Scituation upon a little Hill; and Note in marg: Beziers. the little River Orb by it, with a pretty good Bridge over it; the Country still Barren, but full of Olive-Trees, which here either breed, or some way draw a Quick|silver to their roots, that in time destroys them. MONTPELIER Is one of the best built Towns Note in marg: Montpelier. in France, though one of the least, all of Stone, and most of it uniform, but the Streets insufferably nar|row; View document image [10] containing page [17] Document Images it stands on the side of a little Hill, so that coming from Toulouse all the Towns is seen, every House appear one behind another; is Wall'd, and has a little Cittadel, built about 40. years agoe, something like Chasteau Trompette; has Physick-Schools and Garden, and at some certain times the Apothecaries make the famous Confection of Alkermes in the pre|sence of the Magistrate; and next to that, their most considerable Trade is whiting of Wax, and making of Verdegrese: The Country about it is a little wild, as the rest of France, having no Enclosure, Meadow, or Pasturage, nor other Shade nor Tree but Olive; nor River, nor Water worth mentioning; and which is a greater defect, for the Ladys, there is wanting an a|greeable Walk, who having neither Park nor Garden, on the Plough'd ground do Trespass every Evening: At a Leagues distance on one side, is the Sea, and on the other Mountains. FRONTIGNAN, A little ill-favour'd beggarly Note in marg: Frontignan. Town, yet Wall'd, remarkable for the Vines. PORTSETTE, Where the King is making a Har|bor Note in marg: Portsette. in the Mediterranean, and has advanc'd a Mole already 600. yards, designs another Parallel to it, and the entrance to be just in the middle; the Stone they blow up out of a Mountain close by it, which is very good Marble: Here the famous Canal falls in, which is to joyn both Seas, but is scarce so large or deep as that in St. James's Park; the Garonne that runs that way, has saved a great expence, yet is never the less excessive, but so wisely plac'd upon the Provisions that Country spends, that his Majesty is a gainer by it: There are two or three Basons and Reservers, one pro|digious, being a Valley stopt up at one end, but the art to get water into them, is not yet known. View document image [11] containing page [18] Document Images NISMES, Where there is an Amphitheatre built Note in marg: Nismes. by the Emperor Trajan; the Walls the least ruin'd of any the Romans have left; it has 63. Arches, and 470. paces in compass; there is also a House on Co|rinthian Pillars, 10. in front, and 6. at each hand, suppos'd to have been a Capitol, and the Ruins of a Temple to Diana upon the head of a Rivelet: The Town is not for any thing else considerable, the Trade making of Stuffs, and the Country thereabouts Rocky: The Hugenots have a Temple in it, which is large and well contriv'd, and no less than 1200. Communi|cants belonging to it; near a third part of the people in these parts of France being of that Religion. PONT du GARD, An Aquaduet made by the Note in marg: Pont du Gard. Romans 82. foot high, between two Hills cross a Ri|ver, almost perfect still; it has three rows of Arches, one upon another, and the lowermost serves for a Bridge. AVIGNON Is the Popes, bought for a safe Re|treat Note in marg: Avignon. upon occasion, is Govern'd by a Vice-Legate, has the best Walls of any Town in France, though but lit|tle good Building in it; stands upon the rapid River Rome, half of which being the Kings, the Bridge between the two Owners remains broken: The greatest Curiosities are the Altar-piece in the Celestines Church, given by a King of Cecilly, which has 40. Figures, all cut in one Marble, and Laura's Tomb (Petracks Mistriss) in the Cordeliers Church, with the Verses found in it written by him, and the Medaille of a Fortune with it: In this City are abundance of Poor Jews, which for distinction wear yellow Hats, and to them an equal number of Whores, which are the great|est part of the Inhabitants; the Country thus far stony with many rows of Hills. View document image [11] containing page [19] Document Images ORENGE, A little Town very ancient, as the Note in marg: Orenge. Ruines of the Antiquities there do shew: It has now lost its Walls and Castle; the Principallity extends a|bout 8. miles in length, and 6. in breadth, and is very Fertile. VIENNE, A little City standing likewise upon the Note in marg: Vienne. Rhosne, remarkable for Pilates having dwelt there, and the old Tower of the Gate-house, from which he threw himself into the River. VALENCE, Another Wall'd City not worth no|tice, Note in marg: Valence. unless the breeding Lawyers can make it valuea|ble: It has a Bishop, who is Count of Valence and Die, two Bishopricks united; and is temporal Lord not only of that, but of several other places in that Country. LYONS Is Scituate between two Hills, and lyes Note in marg: Lyons. about the belly of the biggest, in form of a half Moon, so close crouded up, that some part of it is crept upon them: It stands on the Rhosne and Saone; two Ri|vers, that by the help of the Mountains furnishes it with Foggs, that for most part of the Winter conceal the Sun; the Buildings are high, Streets large, Shops better, People neater and richer much than in Paris: It Trades considerably with Germany and Italy; Prints Books and exchanges Money for all Europe: It has an Arch-Bishop that esteems himself Primate of France; Eleaven Parishes, and in the great old Church of St. John, a ridiculous Clock mightily valued there; which, besides twenty other tricks, has little brass Angels that appear when it strikes; a Cock that is to be sup|posed to Crow, &c. but the Closet of Monsieur Ceruiere does ten times exceed it: The most extraordinary thing is the Town-house, which is equal to that at Amster|dam, with pretty Walks behind it: It is rather less View document image [12] containing page [20] Document Images than Rouen, and may be term'd the fourth great Tower of France; the Country about it not very fer|tile, but from Beauvoysin thither, seems pleasant, by reason of its ugly Neighbour, Savoy. GRENOBLE Stands at the foot of a great Moun|tain, Note in marg: Grenoble. and upon the little River Isere, besides the Tor|rent called the Drac: It has the Fortification of 8. Bastions, is the place where the Parliament of the Pro|vince Assemble, and is famous for Gloves. GRAND CHARTREUX, Scituate in the most Note in marg: Chartreux. Solitary place that can be found in the World, a|mongst horrid Mountains, worse than the Alpes, and the way from Chambery, hewn out of the side of Rocks in steps, with continual Precipices, a roaring Torrent in the bottom, and through the melancholly shade of Pines and Fir-trees; the House large, but far from being beautiful or regular; has about 50. Fathers, and half as many Brothers, which are necessary Trades|men, that work continually for the others; none else being admitted. A Stranger that is so Foolishly curi|ous as to come there, is Lodged for a Night; and a Fa|ther, whose particular business it is, entertains him; and in the Morning he Records himself in a Book at his going away. On the top of the Hill, in the Desart, is the Chappel of St. Bruno, once his Habitation, which he finding very cold, resolv'd t'abandon; but St. Peter appeared to him, and would never be quiet till he had promis'd the contrary, which is the sole reason that all these wise Fathers remain in this miserable place, though they have many pleasanter in that and other Provinces; the King of France, Duke of Savoy, and other Princes, having been so great Benefactors to them, that 'tis thought they are now able to ransome almost any one of them. View document image [12] containing page [21] Document Images ROHANNE, NEVERS, MOULINS, BOUR|BON, Note in marg: Rohanne, Nevers, Moulins, Bourbon, Briare. BRIARE, &c. Are not worth notice, nor the Country comparable to that part of the Loire, below Orleans. BEAUVOIS, ABBERUILE, MONTREUILLE, Note in marg: Beauvois, Abberuile, Montreuille, Montreu|ille, Boulonne. BOULONNE, are pretty well Fortified, but not in good Repair; best towards Paris, which seems to have been the work of the English; the Buildings resembling our Market-Towns, low Timber Houses, with some few Brick amongst them; the Country like the rest, open, bears Corn, but not Fertile. CALAIS Is strong both to Land and Sea, has Note in marg: Calais. Ramparts, Ditches, Citadel, Block-Houses, &c. and is a prettier Town, though less than the four former. FRANCE in general Would be a very pleasant Note in marg: France in general. and agreeable Country, had it Enclosures and Pastu|rage; is neither so Fertile generally as Italy or Eng|land, nor yet has no ground altogether so Barren as ei|ther of them; very few Woods, Parks, or Forrests, and fewer Villas, or noble Country Houses; Rivers not many, and of those scarce any Navigable; much Corn, but not plump and large, Wines in good quan|tity, but without any flavor, and most of them tart and crabbed; Provisions of no kind excellent, their Poultrey lean, little or no Fish, scarce any Beef, Mut|ton, nor Veal that's good. Their Horses little, and so strangely put together, that scarce any of them can either Trot or Gallop, and 'tis easier to teach an English Horse to dance, than one of them to amble, for they can only go the Pas, whence their Coaches, and all manner of Veiture, is so slow, as 'tis intolerable. View document image [13] containing page [22] Document Images Doggs of no kind worth a farthing, and to conclude, such is the nature of the Clime, or Soyl, that it pro|duces no Animal in perfection, but Asses. The People nevertheless, the most gentile of any, giving Laws to us and others; for Fashions and Be|haviour, and yet not careful to be exact in either, but do all things as it were by chance, with a becoming negligence that extreamly pleases---observable in their Linnen, Cloaths, Houses, &c. in all which, they ab|hor exactness. Nor has their Language any certain Pronounciation, but varies continually, as he that speaks affects, so that they do not understand, but guess at each others meaning, yet is esteem'd the sweetest in the World, al|low'd th'advantage of the Nose and Lisping. Their Complexions generally yellow and swarthy, the Men wither'd, the Women thick lipp'd, flat-nos'd, a little turning up, which gives an aire to faces, and is emulated by our English Ladies. If they have any defects, they are abundantly sup|ply'd by their good Meen and admirable Deportment, which gains them access before all other Nations, and above the rest are happy in this, that they can never mistake or commit absurdity by gestures or otherwise, a French-man being every where a Master of Cere|monys. The Nobles are most extravagantly Courteous, and so Impartial in their Friendship, that they never ex|press, or shew, more to one man than another. Are naturally Chollerick, which together with ex|tream Poverty and Misery, makes them so brave, as not to regard any danger, a Valour the Gentry are brought to by Fatigue and Service; the Vulgar by continual Taxes. View document image [13] containing page [23] Document Images Are of an humour airy, and very diverting, always in motion, and ever making some kind of noise or o|ther, Talking, Dancing, or Singing, being very like those impertinent harmless Flyes that are always busie about you, though neither to sting nor suck you. Generally Amorous, but the Men rarely Jealous, and who will enjoy their Women, may do it at their Pe|rils. Are very Apprehensive, or Eucillè (as they term it) understanding what you mean, before they know what you will say. All naturally Poets, so that they cannot write a Let|ter without some Verses in it. No less Historians, Printing every Mans History, or Memoire that is not hang'd in Effigie, for being great lovers of their own fame and glory; their own impar|tial Pens does Immortalize it. GENEVA, A little Town, stands in a Flat, with Note in marg: Geneva. Mountains at some distance on every side, being the several Territories of France, Savoy, Swiss Valesi|ans, &c. by whose quarrels and emulation, it preserves it self; has pretty slight works about it, and an Arse|nal not very considerable; has no good Building, and is only famous for its Religion; there is a Lake which is 18. Leagues long, and 5. in some places broad, has admirable Trouts in it, and gives Birth to the rapid Rhone. CHAMBERY, The chief City of Savoy, is about Note in marg: Chambery. the size of Saumure, but better Built; stands inviron'd with great Mountains, and is the place where the Par|liament resides. MONTMELIAN, A little Town, by which upon Note in marg: Montmelian. Montme|lian. a Rock stands a very strong Castle that commands the Passage, and has the River Isere running by it. View document image [14] containing page [24] Document Images MONT-CENIS, The highest of all the Alpes, is Note in marg: Mont-Cenis a League up, two upon the top, (which is a kind of Plain or Valley between the Peaks) and in the mid'st of it, a Lake; the descent two Leagues more, which is troublesome and horrid in respect of the rude Rock and Stones which lye as if carelesly all at once there thrown and tumbled down the Hill; at the foot of it is Novalese and Suza, where Savoy ends, and Piedmont be|gins. TURIN Stands at the foot of the Hills, on part of Note in marg: Turin. the same tract of Land with Lombardy; is lately en|larged by new regular Walls and Ditches; has a Citta|del on the back of it, and the River Po running by it; the Buildings are of Brick, plaister'd over, not ex|cepting the Duke's Pallace, from which there is a very fine new Street, with a square at each end, on Por|tico's like Covent-Garden. The Old Pallace has two or three good Rooms in it, and joyning to it, in the great Church, a black Mar|ble Chappel now building, to keep our Saviours Winding|sheet in; but the prettiest thing in the House is the Dutchess her Bathing-Room, from which to her Bed-Chamber, she goes up and down by Counterpoize. LAVENERIE, A pretty little House three or four Note in marg: La Venerie. miles distant, in which the Duke delights for Hunting|sake, a new straight Street leads to it; at the end of which is an Oval Building, and two high Marble Pil|lars with Statues on them: In the Court immediately before it, is a brass Stagg in the mid'st of a Bason, with Dogs about it: The House has abundance of Painting and Gilding; the Gardens very fine, and a high Semi-circular-wall with heads in Niches finishes the first, and then descending, there are two noble Grotta's, a Fountain, and a Semi circular wall, bent the other View document image [14] containing page [25] Document Images way, at the end of this last, is design'd a Temple to Diana, of which I saw the Model. LA VALENTINE, A little neat House of the Note in marg: La Valentine. Valen|tine. Old Dutchesses; on the other side of Turin, upon the banks of the River Po, and therefore stands plea|santly; it has much Gilding, and better Pictures than any of the other. The Duke calls himself Royal Highness, and Note in marg: Duke. glorys in having continued there a thousand years, and in all probability he may continue there a Million yet; for except Piedmont, which is not above a days Journey in length, and very narrow; none would covet any of his Territories: Savoy being so Horrid, Barren, and Cold, that one would think it could never have other Inhabitants than Bears; yet he has in it many mise|rable Villages, and 'tis said, could raise 20000. Men; but his Country being almost Inaccessible, needs nei|ther Armes nor Policy to preserve it; and therefore 'tis no wonder if its Duke have not the latter, since Nature gives nothing in vain. His Principal Revenue is Salt, which he Note in marg: Revenue. sells after the French fashion to his People, and in all things Governs like them; his Court and little flat Country, being France in Minature, all speak|ing, cloathing, and living as they do; with all sorts of Gabels and Impositions he is esteemed to have a Million of Crowns yearly, besides his Pension from the French, to let them into Italy upon occasion. GENOA, One of the Stateliest Citys of Italy, Note in marg: Genoa. stands close under the Barren Appennines, and washt by the Sea (Gli san Corona i Monti e Specchio il Mare) from whence it appears like a half Moon, and at each point two stout Ramparts, besides little Forts, as that at the foot of the Pharos, &c. Has an admi|rable View document image [15] containing page [26] Document Images Mole, a Block house to secure its Galleys, and a noble Enclosure, with abundance of Docks to build them in: The Streets are generally narrow, but the Buildings most Magnificent, consisting in effect of Pallaces, of which the chiefest are those of the Impe|riali of the Prince d'Oria, of the Duke d'Oria Marchese Durazzo, and Sigre. Balbi. The Churches are beautiful beyond expressi|on, Note in marg: Annunciata and in particular that of the Annunciata, which is supported with Pillars of white and red Marble, like Ivory staind, and so polish'd, that they may pass for Jasper; the Roof all Carved, Gilded, and curiously painted; the Altars finer yet, having such peculiar Ornaments as one might think impossible in Nature; and all this at the Charge of two Brothers; the Lomellini Merchants that give a third part of their gains to the Adorning of it. The Jesuits, and that of St. Ciro, are not Note in marg: St. Ciro. much inferiour, the last exceeding it in Painting and Pillars. DUOMO Is large, and has black Marble Pillars, Note in marg: Duomo. but not so fine as the former. St. DOMENICO Is long and pleasant, its Pillars Note in marg: St. Domenico. Dome|nico. and Arches black and white. St. PIETRO E PAOLO, Is plain, but well built, Note in marg: St. Pietro e Paolo. most remarkable for its Figure, being almost round, and having five Cupola's. SPEDALE MAGGIORE, A great Hospital built Note in marg: Spedale Maggiore. at the publick charge (except some few Benefactors) for poor Whores, Old Men and Bastards, wherein 4. long Galleries with Iron Beds in them, they have di|stinct Appartments, as many over them again to work in, and as many Rooms about the Chappel to hear Mass. PALAR- View document image [15] containing page [27] Document Images In the Doges Pallace, which is great, is the Note in marg: Palazzo del Doge. Armory which can furnish 30000 men, and there is kept the Armour, their Women wore in the Holy War. St. PIETRO del ARENA, Is a Village by the Sea|side Note in marg: St. Pietro del Arena. of Villas, and fine Gardens, which are made more pleasant by the great number of Orange-Trees, Mirtles and Fountains. The Genouese Territories are but small, yet Note in marg: Revenue. their ordinary Revenue is said to be half a Million of Crowns yearly, and every Town pays besides its Souldiers, Officers, and Magistrates. The City it self has a good Wall, besides the security Note in marg: Strength. of the Hills at its back, and 20. Ships and Galleys upon occasion at Sea. Their Intrest is altogether Spanish, oblig'd to Note in marg: Intrest. it, not only by their present profit of returning all their money, &c. but by a great sum, long agoe lent the Spaniards, which will never be repaid, to keep them in awe, and by their Estates in the Kingdom of Naples, which they are not permitted to sell to other than Genoueses. Their Trade is Sattins, Velvets, Taffeties, &c. but Note in marg: Trade. their best, Exchange of Money. Their Government is by a Doge, chosen every Note in marg: Government. Govern|ment. two years, and eight Senators; but on occasions of making War or Peace, the Grand Counsel Assembles, which consists of 400. Elected out of the Families of the best Citizens. NOVI: Their Frontier Town to the Millaneses, is Note in marg: Novi. little and inconsiderable; the Country from Genoa thi|ther, all Mountains. TORTONA, The Frontier to the Genouese, like Note in marg: Tortona. Novi. View document image [16] containing page [28] Document Images PAVIA, A better Town than either of them; has Note in marg: Pavia. a fine Statue in Brass of Antoninus Pius on Horse-back; and in one of the Churches lyes Buried the fa|mous St. Augustine, a Duke of Suffolk, and Bishop Parker. At a little distance from Pavia, is the Carthusian Note in marg: Carthusian Monastery. Monastery, the second of the Order, and the finest they have; on the Frontispiece of the Church is abundance of Carving, besides Marble Statues, Heads, &c. Within 'tis magnificent, though not built strictly a la-moderna: On the sides are particular Chappels for each Religious, all along rail'd with Brass of great heighth and beauty, as also is the face of it before the Quire; the Alter|pieces are the hands of excellent Painters, and the Pillars to them curious Marbles, Lapislasuli and Jasper; the great Tabernacle so rich, that 'tis valued at 20000 l. In the Sacristy is the back of an Altar of Ivory, in which is rarely cut in Figures the History of the New Testament given by a Queen of Cicilly: The Tomb of the Founder Giovanne Galeszzo Visconti, Duke of Milan, in a very fine white Marble, with Fame and Victory at head and feet; a great quantity of Plate, Jewels, &c. Their Cloister large, their Cells neat, and Gardens vast, and a great Pond in the midst to keep their Fish in, which has a little current running through it, all fac'd with Stone and other Ornaments about it. MILAN Is only to be prais'd by saying 'tis great, Note in marg: Milan. being full ten miles in compass; has few good Buildings or Streets; the Houses generally of Brick, the Churches which of all sorts are recon'd to be near 200. are in|ferior to those in other parts of Italy, excepting so much of the Duomo as is built, which is all of white View document image [16] containing page [29] Document Images marble, with a bundance of Statues of the same, standing upon the Walls on the out side; within, the Pillars sutable, exceeding other Churches, in that the Marble is solid, and not crusted; the Floor is the most beautiful of all, being the finest Pavement I have seen; the Church is more than half finished, and has Scaffolds standing as if intended to go on, and a man or two kept knocking there to excite Charity. SPEDALE MAGGIORE, The great Hospital is a Note in marg: Spedale Maggiore. Princely Building, standing upon stone Pillars in a large Quadrangle, has Conveniencies and Endowments for 4000. Poor. The Lazaretto is as extraordinary in its kind, being Note in marg: Lazaretto. a square of near a mile about, and a little Rivelet running round it. In St. AMBROGIO, is the Brazen Serpent Note in marg: S. Ambrogio. Ambro|gio. upon a Marble Pillar, which the Children of Israel Worshipp'd, and the place where St. Ambrose himself lyes Bury'd. The Closets of Sigre. Canonico Setali, in which are Note in marg: Curiosities. all manner of Rarities: In the first, great variety of Burning-glasses and Reflecting-steels of great breadth, and several other Instruments for Solar and Mathema|tical experiments: In others are all sorts of Stones, Minerals, Shells, Horns, Beasts, Fishes, &c. that are rare, as Camelions, Rhinocera's, Sword-fishes, &c. Cloth of the stone Abestos, that is made clean by throwing into the fire; a Load stone but of two ounces weight, that takes up 25. pound of Iron; in another all manner of Clocks and Watches, as those of perpe|tul motion, with Bullets, of local motion, &c. In others Armes of India, China, &c. with their Kings and Priests hahits, curious Figures in Ivory, Anatomies of Abortives, fine Cabinets, Collections of Medails, &c. View document image [17] containing page [30] Document Images strange Looking-glasses, Nuts, China Manuscripts, &c. CITTADEL Is larger than that of Antwerp, and Note in marg: Cittadel. is esteemed one of the best in Europe, has all sorts of Conveniencies, and Shops within it self to Accomodate the Soldiers, which are all Spaniards; it stands close by the Town, but the Government independant of him that governs Milan. The City has twelve Senators chosen by the King, Note in marg: Government. Govern|ment. whereof three must be always Spaniards; these make and alter Laws, determine all Causes Civil and Criminal without appeal; the Governor has the priviledge of be|ing a Judge amongst them, and such is their respect to him, that they never reject any thing he pro|pounds. The Revenue Spain draws from it yearly, is not less Note in marg: Revenue. than a 100000. l. Sterl. Their Dominions so large in this fertile Country of Note in marg: Strength. Lombardy, that they can raise 50000. Men. It ahounds with Artizans of all sorts, in so much, Note in marg: Artizans. that 'tis thought to have more than all Italy. Lodi, Piacenza, Two pretty little Towns; the first Note in marg: Lodi, Piacenza. Pia|cenza. frontier to the Venetians; in the latter stands an ex|cellent brass Statue of Alexander Farnese, the great General, on Horse back; the Country about these Towns a perfect Garden. PARMA Has a pretty River runs through it, and Note in marg: Parma. is esteemed to be three miles in compass; the Walls very good and regular. The Duke's Pallace has two square Courts, and the Theatre for Opera's in it, the finest in the World, being able to receive 14000. per|sons, and may hear from the extremities of it distinct|ly; by the side of it is a less for Comedies, which is very pretty: At some distance he has a Summer House with Gardens, Fountains, Orangery, &c. but out of or|der: View document image [17] containing page [31] Document Images His Stables are very good, and his Coaches ex|cel all Christendom in Richness and Ugliness, the one all of Plated-silver emboss'd, as also the Carriage and Naves; another of Velvet Embroider'd, so massie and gross, that it seems as rich, but more detestable in its shape, being as big as a Chamber, having four great arm'd Chairs in it, besides the usual Seats behind them again; and the Gilding is equal to the rest of the foolish cost, of which the Wheels have their pro|portion. The Cupola of the Duomo is Painted by the hand Note in marg: Duomo. of Carreggio, but faded very much, and the Floor is paved with large Marble. The Duke's Revenue is said to be 400000. Crowns Note in marg: Revenue. a year, of which he spends much in Guards, never go|ing abroad without one of Halberds, and one of Ca|rabines, and his Mother and Dutchess have the like. In all his Dominions he can raise about 20000. Note in marg: Strength. Men, having other little Territories, besides that rich Cauntry about Parma. The Government of his Towns is by Podesta's, Note in marg: Government. Govern|ment. which have Power in all civil matters, and a Governor has the care of the other, but all Appeal (upon occasion) to the Councel of State at Parma, of which, Marquess Vigolino is the principal. His Intrest is French. Note in marg: Intrest. REGIO is the Duke of Modena's Frontier and Note in marg: Regio. best Town, of which Prince Lewis is Governor. MODENA: In the Pallace is an Apartment of Note in marg: Modena. six Rooms, as richly gilded and furnished as any in Italy; the Dukes Stables and Horses better much than Parma; close by the Town he has a good Cittadel, and in the rest of his State he has two more. View document image [18] containing page [32] Document Images The chief Manufacture of this City, is making of Note in marg: Trade. Vizard-Masks, and Masquerading Habits, for which they have a very good return, and the Duke (though but 16. years old) is a great encourager of Trade and Protector of Virtuosi. His Revenue is about 300000. Crowns a year, in|cluding Note in marg: Revenue. his little Mountainous Country of Garfagna, next Tuscany, which supplyes him with Oyle. His Intrest and Government is exactly the same Note in marg: Intrest. with Parma, and his chief Councellor is Secretary Gatti: When he goes abroad, in the same manner at|tended too; has the same Guards; can raise as many Men upon occasion, and has very near as many Acres as his Neighbor Duke. BOLOGNA Stands at the end of that rich Tract Note in marg: Bologna. of Land, that scarce the World cau equal; is large, well built, most of it upon Portico's like Covent-Gar|den; has several fine Monasteries, but that of St. Do|minick is the greatest, nourishing 150. Fryers: That of St. Michele in Bosco, being on a Hill with admi|rable Prospect, excels all the rest, and has the finest Dormitory. The City is rather under the Protection, then Go|vernment Note in marg: Government. Govern|ment. of the Pope; for though he have a Cardinal-Legate there, he can act nothing of Consequence with|out the consent of the Senate, who have the Militia in their own hands, which in the State consists of ten thousand Foot, and a thousand Horse, besides six thou|sand Citizens, Commanded by a Maestro di Campo of their own, for all which, they have Magazins of Amu|nition, &c. and can as easily re-take the Government into their hands, as they did unwisely part with it: Though they Coyn their Money with the Popes Armes upon it, they also impale their own device of Liber|tas View document image [18] containing page [33] Document Images with it; and as a further mark of liberty, they constantly maintain at Rome an Embassador, but the Legate lives in greater State amongst them, and at their charge too, having Guards of Horse and Foot which continually attend him, and besides the charge of Vice-Legate and other Officers sends the Pope yearly a hundred thousand Crowns clear, which arises, from Impositions on Salt and Fish; the Post and the Secre|tary-Office for senceless Dispensations, &c. Their chief Trade and business is Silk, of which Note in marg: Trade. their is brought out of their own Territories (to every Fair) a million and two hundred thousand pound weight, besides 200000. by Strangers, all which is order'd in Bologna, and employs thirty thousand People, and their Hemp not less than 12000. besides little Doggs, Wash-balls, and Salsicci, which are the best in the World. FLORENCE Stands close under the Appennines, Note in marg: Florence. and seems every way else, to have a large Plain en|clos'd with Hills; in which are an infinite number of Villas, and some of them very fine, as that of Poggio Imperiali, the great Dukes by the Town Wall, which has delicate Walks of Elci, fine Gardens, Fountains, &c. Near it is a fine Maille, set with Trees by the River which runs through the City; and on the other side of it, has a quantity of Meadow-ground well Wooded, with a Farm House upon it, where the G. Duke keeps his Dairy, and in the Summer is very plea|sant. The G. Dukes Pallace stands within the Wall, Note in marg: Paluzzo del G. D. is very Magnificent, built of great rough stones Alla Rustica, has but one Court, the wings to the Front being still wanting; most of the Rooms are painted by the excellent hand of Pietro di Cortona, View document image [19] containing page [34] Document Images which with rich Hangings makes them appear very noble Apartments, especially those of the Cardinal Le|opoldo, where is the greatest and best collection of Pictures I ever saw: The Garden lyes most of it on the side of the Hill, but is nevertheless very pleasant, and has at the bottom a fine Parterre, environ'd with Cypress, and a cut of water, with a tall marble Foun|tain in the mid'st, the Bason of which, is of one stone, and is 36 Braeei about. In the Galleries belonging to the Old Pallace, are Note in marg: Gallery. kept the Dukes Curiosities, Treasure. &c. On each hand are the Statues, and over them the Pictures of the most famous men of former Ages, by the greatest Ma|sters; that of Brutus being unfinished by Mich. Angelo has these Verses by him writ under it. Dum Bruti Effigiem Sculptor de marmore ducit. In mentem Sceleris venit & abstinuit. By the side of these Galleries are divers Rooms with variety of rarities: In some the Weapons and Armour of the greatest Captains in the World; a Musket and Pistol of massie-gold, secret Armes for Revenge, &c. the skin of a Horse, whose Main is 5. yards long; a Load-stone that takes up 60. pound of Iron, &c. In others little Pagan gods of Brass and Iron; the Head of Tiberius Cezar in a Turquoise as big as an Egge; Statues of the G. Dukes Ancestors in Porphry; a great Ebbony Cabbinet set with Stones, and within it, the Passion of our Saviour cut in Ivory, by Mich. Angelo; a Nail half Gold, half Iron; a lump of Gold as 'twas digg'd without Oar or Refining; shells of Mother of Pearl, with the Pearls growing to them; an Emerald in Embrio, half Stone, half Earth; a great Cabinet of View document image [19] containing page [35] Document Images Medials set so thick with precious Stones, that 'tis valu'd at five hundred thousand Crowns; a Unicorns Horn, great numbers of Cups Christal and Agat, &c. three Tables Inlaid with variety of choice Stones into Flowers, Birds, &c. the bigest of them the richest and finest in the World, being most of it Inlaid with Pearls, Rubies, Saphirs, Emralds, Cornelians, &c. In others, his Plate which is very considerable, one Service of it all of pure Gold, besides abundance of ancient Vessels of the same, Swards set with Diamonds, &c. a Saddle and Bridle of Gold set with Turquoise Stones; a Cup of one entire Eme|rald, the rich Bed-posts to his Marriage bed; a rare steel Cabinet design'd a Present to the King of France; the Antependium of an Altar set with Stones very rich, all of massie-gold, and these words with Rubies upon it, Cosmus 2. Dei Gracia Magnus Duae Etru|riae ex uoto, and it had been sent to Loreto had he recovered of his Sickness: From these Galleries runs a little Close one, to the Dukes Pallace for his Highnesses conveniency, being near half a mile long: Before this old Pallace, in the Piazza, stands the Statue of Cosmus the great, on Horse-back, in brass, and his Victo|ries express'd on the Pedestal, the Fountain of Nep|tune and Trytons, the two Gigantick Statues of Da|vid by Mich. Angelo, and Hercules killing Cacus by Bandinelli: In the Portico are those in brass of Per|seus Judith, and Rape of the Sabins in Marble: With|in this Pallace is also shown his rich Embroider'd Marriage-Coach, valu'd at 40000. Crowns. The Chappel of St. Lawrence is round, and Note in marg: S. Lorenzo. three parts finish'd, lin'd with polish'd Jasper of several colours, the Roof to be of Lapis Lazuli; about the middle of the Walls, Niches for all the Statues of the Dukes, which are to be of brass gilded, with Cushions of great value, and Crowns before View document image [20] containing page [36] Document Images them, set with Jewels, as appears by those al|ready done; below them, are round it, the Armes of all his Citys, with their Names and Motto's in Calce|donia; the Altar and Tabernacle have all the Mate|rials that Art or Nature can furnish to adorn it; the four Pillars are of Christal, their Capitels of Massie|gold, and the rest of it proportionable. The Church, to which this Chappel adjoyns, has two Note in marg: Church. Brazen Pulpets much esteem'd, being the work of Do|natello: In the Sacristy are the four Statues of Day, Night, Aurora, and the Evening, said to be made by Mich. Angelo, but much to be doubted: Above in the Cloister is kept the famous Library of Manuscripts, esteem'd the best next to the Vatican. Upon this Bridge are four Statues, repre|senting Note in marg: Ponte Trinita. Tri|nita. the four Seasons of the year, said to be made by Mich. Angelo, and I believe the Bridg it self, being the neatest I ever saw; the Arches so extended, that at a little distance they seem almost streight, and without any bending; in the Piazza (be|fore it) stands the Porphry Statue of Justice. The Demo on the outside is crusted with Note in marg: II Duomo. white, black, and red Marble, the Steeple by it of the same, not wanting the least Stone, or any of its first Ornaments: The Church within (except the Pavement) has nothing worth taking notice of, only that its Cu|pola was the first that ever was made, and serv'd Mich. Angelo for a pattern for that of St. Peters in Rome. S. MICHELE: Round about this Church are the Note in marg: S. Michele. Statues of St. Thomas, St. Matthew, St. George, St. Peter, &c. very much esteem'd. In the Baptistery by the Domo, is the Statue of Magdalen, by Donatello, and the doors to Note in marg: II Battisterio. Battiste|rio. View document image [20] containing page [37] Document Images this little Church are valued above all the rest, being the History of the Bible cut in brass, by Lorenzo Cion, who was his whole life about it. In the Annunciata is the famous Picture of Ma|donna Note in marg: Annunciata del Sacco, by Andrea del Sarto, and in the Piazza the brass Statue of Ferdinand on Horse-back. In this Church, Sa. Croce, the Pulpit is of rare Bas|sorelieuo, Note in marg: S a. Croce. cut out of white Marble, and at the entrance stands the Tomb of Mich. Angelo, having Archi|tecture, Sculpture, and Painting, in the Figures of Women sitting and lamenting upon it, and his own Busto above them. The great Dukes Court has all the great Officers Note in marg: Court. that's usual in other Soveraigns Courts; but the most in view are his two Secretaries of State, his two Privy-Councellors, his sixty Gentlemen of his Bed-chamber, his eight Escuyers, and his twenty-four Pages. His Highnesse going abroad, is constantly attended Note in marg: Guards. by a Troop of Germans, and a Guard of Halbertiers, several Coaches, and in every respect the equipage of a King. The only Order of Knight-hood in this Court, is that of Note in marg: Knights of St. Stephen. St. Stephen, whereof the great Duke is grand Master, in imitation of that of Maltha, and like that none can be admitted but upon the same proofs of Gentility: The number of the Knights is at least 700. dispers'd all over Italy, but oblig'd to serve several years in his Highnesses Gallies that they may be capable of Com|mendums: The Revenue of the Order is about 200000. Crowns, most of it at the G. Dukes dispose, the rest in private Families: Their place of Residence, Pisa. In the Government the G. Duke is absolute, but yet Note in marg: Government. Govern|ment. allows them a Senate in shew of Liberty, which consists of 40. Senators, all chosen by himself, and never act View document image [21] containing page [38] Document Images contrary to his Will: 'Tis accounted very Honourable, because they have the priviledge of being cover'd be|fore the Duke, and have generally the best Employ|ments of the City, and Governments in Toscany con|ferr'd on them: In the Dukes absence, the Auditor Fiscal, a kind of Lord Mayor, does govern. The G. Duke Taxes no Lands, but the Product of Note in marg: Revenue. them, so that no Horse or Beast, House or Ground, can be sold, or Daughter Marry'd, but in every 100. Crowns, seaven Crowns three quarters must be paid to his Highness; his whole Revenue being annually 1200000. Crowns which arises thus, Le Dogane di tutto il suo Stato 200000 Gabelle delle Porte 150000 Della Contratazione 200000 Dalle Farine 150000 Dalle Deccime 100000 Beni Stabili 100000 Dal Sale 50000 Avanzi di Magistrati 50000 Appalte di Forni 30000 Dal Tabacco 25000 Aquavita 20000 Posta 30000 Carta 15000 Assignamenti diversi 50000 His principal Citadel in Florence is very considera|ble, Note in marg: Strength. having in it an Armory of four large Rooms, wherein is Armes for 80000. Men, all in excellent order; and in his whole State he has 26. Garrisons, in all which (in times of Peace) are but 2482. men; but he has besides these, the Train'd-Bands, which View document image [21] containing page [39] Document Images amount to 3000. Horse, 65000. Foot; and the Citys of Florence, Siena, and the Countrys some miles about them, which are disarm'd for the Dukes security, would make upon occasion 20000. more: The Officers are paid by his Highness, and the Soldiers have some pri|viledges: His Troop of Life-guard consists of a hun|dred Germans, whose pay is three Giulio's a day, their Horses kept, and Free-quarter; his Guard of Halbertiers are the same number, and have five Crowns a moneth, with several other advantages; he has also a Guard of Reform'd Officers, Italians, whose pay is 14. Crowns a moneth, and the Maestro di Camera is al|ways their Captain: The Captains of the several Guards have 1000. Crowns a year, the common Soldiers a Giulio a day; which pay, what it wants of other Princes, is recompenc'd by its certainty, and little or no de|ductions; some heing paid every week, others every moneth punctually. His Intrest is Spanish, loves the English, and has a Note in marg: Intrest. perfect aversion for the French, as all Wise men natu|rally have. PISTOIA Is not now considerable. Note in marg: Pistoia. LUCCA, Is a pretty Town near as good as Florence, Note in marg: Lucca. paved and built much after the same manner; the For|tifications very regular, fac'd with Brick; the Rampart exceeding large, set with Trees, like Antwerp, and like it stands clear from Houses, and in a flat, but Moun|tains at some distance on every side: The Churches are least considerable, but in the Augustins they shew a Hole, where an Unbeliever was suck'd in alive, for throwing stones at the Virgin; and in another lyes Bu|ryed Richard King of England, who dyed in his Pilgrimage. View document image [22] containing page [40] Document Images They have four or five little Towns more in their Note in marg: Strength. whole State; and 'tis said, they may raise in their small Territories 15000. Men. 'Tis Govern'd by a great Counsel of Citizens which Note in marg: Government. Govern|ment. are changed every year, and a Confaloniero, as most of the other Citys in Italy have. The constant Revenue of this little Republick, is Note in marg: Revenue. esteemed to he near 200000. Crowns a year. PISA, An ancient Town, stands in a Marshy place, Note in marg: Pisa. has a good River runs through part of it, and an A|quaduet upon Arches, that brings water from Moun|tains four miles distant, and has nothing else remark|able, except the Camposanto be, which is made of Holy Earth brought from Jerusalem in 50. Galleys. LEGORNE Next to Florence, the most conside|rable Note in marg: Legorne. in the G. Dukes State, is excellently fortified both to Land and Sea, where it has a Mole of greater length than Genoa, and by it the fine Statue of Fer|dinand the First, with four Slaves in Brass at his feet: Being a free Port, 'tis fill'd with Strangers, of which the Jews are not a less number than 5000; of English Merchants Families there are about ten; as many of Hollanders, but many more French of all sorts. 'Tis the Magazine of the Streights, and has a good Note in marg: Trade. Trade, particularly with England, who carry thither Cloath, Lead, Tin, Iron, Spices, and Herrings; the only Commodities to be had there, is Silk, Wine and Oyl. It has two Governors, the one Millitary, the other Note in marg: Government. Govern|ment. Civil; the first is General Borri, the latter Marchese Medici: His Highness constantly keeps four Galleys, esteem'd the best in the Mediterranean, and several little Ships Crusing against the Turks. View document image [22] containing page [41] Document Images SIENA Is very near as large and beautiful as Note in marg: Siena. Florence, the Streets neatly paved with a sort of little Bricks set edg ways, and being built on a rising ground, are always clean; the Piazza is very spacious, and the Domo is a very noble Church, all of white and black Marble both within and without; the Floor In-laid in Historical Figures, by extraordinary Masters; the Roof Azure, sprinkled with little Stars of Gold; the Li|brary by the side of it curiously painted in Fresco, by Pietro Perugino: 'Tis one of the best Towns of the G. Dukes State, and speaks the best Italian of all Italy. MONTEFIASCONE, Is remarkable for the Tomb Note in marg: Montefiascone. Montefias|cone. of the Drunken German Bishop, who kill'd himself here, with drinking this excellent Wine, and has therefore this Epitaph writ by his Man, who had Orders to mark the doors as he went with Est three times, where he found the best, Est est est propter nimium est Dominus meus mortuus est. In this Country the Duke of Parma has a fine House, Note in marg: Caprarola. Scituate on the side of a Hill, which gives it a Pro|spect of Rome, though 40. miles distant. VITERBO, Is a pretty little Town with many Foun|tains Note in marg: Viterbo. in it; from thence (in the Summer-time) to Rome, the Air is esteem'd Unhealthful. ROME, As in other things, in its Scituation, ex|cels Note in marg: Rome. all other Citys, having so many agreeable Hills in and about it, that whether pursuing pleasure, or busi|siness, a Man has several times, every day, the prospect of this fine Town and Country: The Figure of it is almost round, the River Tyber running through it, View document image [23] containing page [42] Document Images and five Rivelets, or great branches more of water by Aqueducts brought to it, which supplys such a number of Marble Fountains, that there is no Street nor Court where they do not run perpetually; and so many and admira|ble are the Churches, Pallaces, and Gardens, that 'tis impossible (at least for me) exactly to describe them. S. GIO. LATERANO, Of which the Pope is Note in marg: S. Gio. Laterano. La|terano. Bishop, and therefore has the Precedency of all other Churches; is very large and beautiful, stands upon Monte Celio, one of the seaven Hills; was first built by Constantine the Great, and was formerly the place of the Popes Residence; the Roof is richly Gilded, has much good Painting, the Pillars to the side-Altars ve|ry fine and uniform, and so is the great Tabernacle; in which is shut the wooden Altar, St. Peter and his Successors, in time of Persecution, carryed about with them to say Mass at; and therefore is so Sacred, that none but his Holiness himself can Celebrate at it; and to make it more estimable, there is also the Heads of St. Peter and St. Paul, which are shown upon Festi|vals; the Altar of the Sacrament is also very remark|able, having a Tabernacle of rare polish'd Stones, and four Brass gilded Pillars that anciently were Saturns; it has the name from the Table it includes, on which our Saviour eat the last Paschal Lamb, being for cer|tain the very same; besides divers other most precious Relicks, as the Smock and hair of the B. Vergin, somthing of the like nature of Mary Magdalen; the Cloath with which our Saviour wiped the Disciples Feet; the Water and Blood that came out of His Side; some of the Barly-bread He multiplied; a Shoulder of St. Laurence; a Tooth of St. Peter, &c. In the Cloister, the pierced Porphry Chair, on which the Pope View document image [23] containing page [43] Document Images is set amongst other Ceremonies at his Creation: The Tomb of Cardinal Respone, who being yet alive, has erected it with this fancy, Death holding his Grave-stone, and Time carrying his Coffin: In the Porch is the Statue in Brass of Henry the 4th. of France, who re|stored or gave them part of their Revenue: In the great Piazza, before it, stands the tall Obelisk of 100. foot high, with Hierogliphicks on it, brought from the Circus Maximus. BAPTISTERY of CONSTANTINE, Joyns Note in marg: Baptistery of Constantine. Constan|tine. in a manner to this Church, wherein that Emperour was Christned; 'tis round, the Well or Font rail'd a|bout with Marble; the Canopy or Tabernacle over it, supported with noble Porphry Pillars, and the Roof painted with the History of his Conversion, Conquests, &c. SCALA SANTA, Is a Building on purpose for the Holy Stairs which our Saviour went up Note in marg: Scala Santa. to Pilate, and some can see the very drops of Blood and Tears still upon them He then shed, which little Grates protect: 'Tis a very fair white Marble Stair-case, and has on each hand others to re|turn down upon, when they have gone up that upon their knees; at the top of it is a little Chappel, called the Sancta Sanctorum, there being Christs Picture that was made by an Angel, and formerly his Prepuce, or Fore-skin, which now Hallows another place. S. PETERS, Is the second Church in esteem in Rome, Note in marg: St. Peters. and first in the World for Beauty and Architecture, in|finitely surpassing in both, either the Temple of Solo|mon, or that of Diana at Ephesus, and to Bramante and Mich. Angelo is attributed the glory of it, but principally to the last: The out-side is of Free-stone, the Frontis-pice supported with vast Pillars; over which is a row of Balconies or Pavillions, where the Pope is View document image [24] containing page [44] Document Images Crown'd; and from thence (on several Festivals) Blesses and Curses; on the top of all is our Saviour and his Twelve Apostles, Statues of ten foot long; and below them, upon the Balustres of the two Stately Portico's (that enclose the great Piazza, in form of an Ampki-Theatre) stand an Army of Saints; in the middle, the Guglia of 100. foot long, Dedicated to Augustus; and on each side a great Fountain: The approaches to it is up 24. Marble steps; the entrance at 5. Doors, whereof one is Holy, the two middle-most covered with Brass in Historical Figures: The Porch is 289. foot long, and 44. broad; the Roof gilded, and Floor paved with wite Marble; and at one end of it, the Statue of Constantine on Horse-back, by Bernino; the Church it self 520. foot in length, and 380. foot broad; the top of it divided into little gilded squares, with a Rose in each; the Pavement inlaid Marble; the walls and sides of the Pillars (except the very mid|dle) crusted with the same, well polish'd, adorn'd with many little white Figures of Angels, the moral Vir|tues, fine Tombs, Altars, Chappels, &c. The Cupola is very large, being 170. paces in compass, lined with Mosaick work that describes Heaven, supported by four great Pillars, in which are the Statues in Niches of Veronica, St. Helen, Andrew, and Longinus, all Gigaintick, and the last of Bernino's hand; under it stands the high Altar, whose four famous Brass Ser|pentine-Pillars were likewise made by him, which with|out the Canopy, weigh 100000. pound: 'Tis a very noble thing, but not sufficient to excuse the Sacriledge of robbing the Pantheon for it; before this Altar is a Vault rail'd and hung about with Silver Lamps; and in it lyes half St. Peter and St. Paul; at the further end of all is S. Peters old Wooden Chair lockt up in a View document image [24] containing page [45] Document Images brass case, expos'd only on its Feast-days, supported by the four Doctors of the Church, of the same Mettal gilt, by rare Bernino's hand; and over it an Host of Angels, with a Glory Artificially made of yellow horn; and in the midst of it, the Holy Ghost upon wing, hovering; on each side are the Tombs of Urban the 8th. and Paul the 3d. and under the latter, lyes the fine white Marble Statue of Youth, which for being Ravish'd by a Spaniard, wears now a Drapery of brass: On the side of the Church, not far from the great Al|tar, under a Canopy of State, in a sitting posture is the brazen Statue of Jupiter, that stood anciently in his Temple, and now has the good fortune to represent St. Peter, and be as much Worship'd as ever, none passing but kiss and put their heads under his feet, not even the Cardinals, his hand lifted up that seem'd to throw the Thunder, now is suppos'd to bless, and the other makes a shift to hold the Keys: The most consi|derable Reliques are the Spear that Wounded Christs Side, the Handkerchief He wiped his Face with; a piece of the Holy Cross, some of the Hay that He lay on in the Manger; the great Pinces or Plyers, with which they took the Primitive Saints in pieces; the Head of Thomas Becket of Canterbury, with as ma|ny Arms, Leggs, Ribs, &c. as would Re-build him at the Resurrection. The Church is Vaulted underneath, wherein are the Tombs of divers Cardinals and Popes, and amongst them, that of Adrian the 4th. an English|man: The maintenance for this Fabrick is about 20000. l. Sterling, annually. S. PAOLO Was Built by Constantine, is 120. paces Note in marg: S. Paolo. long, and 80. broad; the round marble Pillars which are about 100. were taken from Antoninus his Bathes; it is one of the four Churches that have Holy Doors; View document image [25] containing page [46] Document Images and under the high Altar lyes the other half of the bodyes of St. Peter and St. Paul: The Chappel of the Sacrament is very fine, but the Eloquent Crucifix that talk'd with St. Bridget, is of all other things most wonderful; the considerable Reliques are St. Paul's Chain, the Head of the Samaritan, an Arm of St. Ann, a Finger of St. Nicholas, &c. The doors of brass in History. Sta. MARIA MAGIORE, Stands upon Monte Es|quilino, Note in marg: S a. Maria Magiore. is the fourth Church that has Holy Doors; the Pillars of the Portico, and within, are all of Por|phry, of one entire piece; the Roof gilded; on each side of it two neat Chappels, that cost near two millions of Crowns, of Sixtus Quintus and Paulus Quintus; in the first is kept our Saviours Cribb, inclos'd in Sil|ver, and in the other, the Picture of the Virgin, made by St. Luke, which a 1000. years agoe (being carried about) slopt a great Plague; but the fine Statues, Jas|per Pillars, and Painting of the Cupola, by Guido Rheni, are nevertheless of much more value: Before the great entrance into this Church, stands the tall white Marble Corinthian Pillar, of the Temple of peace, with the B. Virgin in Brass, gilded upon it; and at the other end, an Obelisk with Hieroglyphicks, which part fronting to the City, is Re-built and Beautified by this present Pope Clement. It has Relicks enough to fill a Charnel House, not only of Saints themselves, but of their Companions, and amongst the most pre|cious, some of the Vesture of Thomas Becket of Can|terbury. S. LORENZO, Built by Constantine, has a piece of the Grate, and the entire Stone, upon which S. Lau|tence Note in marg: S. Lorenzo. was Brotld, set in Christal; before which, who|ever Prays, frees a Soul out of Purgatory: It has also View document image [25] containing page [47] Document Images one of the Stones that was thrown at St. Stephen, which are the greatest Rarities to be observ'd in this Church, which I mention, because one of the seaven. S. SEBASTIANO, One of the Seaven Churches al|so, Note in marg: S. Sebastiano. Sebasti|ano. is famous for the Calacumes under it, wherein are Bury'd in the Walls, 274000. Christians that were Persecuted and Martyr'd by the Roman Emperors: The place be|ing a Meander of several Miles, they there met with security to exercise their Religion; the several windings were occasion'd by their digging of Earth thence, to mix with their Morter, &c. for the Building of Rome. This Church has also a pretty quantity of Relicks; the body of its Patron, and his Figure in a dying posture, by Bernino's hand; but the principal is the Stone on which Christ stood in the High-way, when he appeared to S. Peter in the place where now is the Chappel Domine quo vadis, and left the print of his Feet up|on it. Sta. GROCE in GIERUSALEMME Is Built like|wise Note in marg: S. Croce in Gierusalemme. Gierusa|lemme. by Constantine, in the place, and out of the Ruins of Venus her Temple, of which a good part still remains. Is the 7th. Church, and has its name by reason of the Holy Earth, brought from Gerusalemme; upon which stands a Chappel, into which no Woman is to enter, quite contrary to its former Dedication: The Relicks here are extraordinary, having a Vessel of the Blood of our Saviour, one of the Nails and Title of his Cross, one of the Pence he was sold for, the Spunge that he had with Vinegar; St. Thomas his Finger that toucht his Side, &c. The Picture at the High Al|tar of Rubens painting. MADONNA del POPOLO Has the greatest Note in marg: Modonna del Popolo. priviledges, next to the aforesaid seaven Churches, and several fine Ornaments and Statues, as those of Da|niel View document image [26] containing page [48] Document Images and Habakkuck, by Bernino; that of Jonas by Raphael Urbin, much esteem'd, being the only Statue he ever made; the fine Chappel of Chigi, &c. of his Architecture too. In the high Altar is preserv'd the Navel of our Saviour, some Milk and Attire of the Virgin, some Dust of St. John Baptist, &c. and in the place where it now stands, was formerly Nero's Urn, which was the occasion of Building this Church, as all the Popes Bulls and Indulgences granted it do testifie, Nero's ashes had perpetually a crew of roaring Devils about them which were so mischievous, that they lamed and suffocated all people that pass'd near the place, which oblig'd Pope Paschal to order a three days Fast; and upon the third night, the Virgin came her own self to his Bed-side, and bid him throw Ne|ro's Urn into the Tyber, and build her a Church in the place, which the next day, in a solemn procession of all the Cardinals was perform'd, the Pope laying the first Stone of the Foundation, which set all the Devils on howling, and put them to flight: Before it stands another Obelisk with Herogliphicks on it, and in it is also the famous picture of the Madonna, made by St. Luke. TRE FONTANE, Is a pretty Church, wherein are Note in marg: Tre Fontane. Fon|tane. three Fountains made by St. Pauls Head, leaping there 3. times after it was cut off, and three stone heads to shew the places exactly; there is also one of the Pillars, upon which he was Executed, and a Picture of St. Peters Crucifixtion, by Guido Rheni: Close by this Church are two others, under the one of them, ten thousand Martyrs lye that Dioclesian caused at once to be slain in that place, after they had finish'd the Fabrick of his Baths; and in the other is the Head of Anastasius, which the whole Councel of Nice affirm can do Mira|cles, View document image [26] containing page [49] Document Images as cast out Devils, cure the Sick, &c. and for this reason, this place is the most holy after the seaven Churches aforesaid. S. BARTOLOMEI stands in the place of Note in marg: S. Bartolomei. Bartolo|mei. Esculapius; his Temple has the Tabernacle sup|ported by 4Single illegible letter fine Porphry Pillars, some Chappels, &c. painted by Carraccio: The Island where it is, made by Corne, the Rabble threw into the River, in the time of the ancient Romans. S. ONOFRIO: In this Church is the Tomb of Note in marg: S. Onofrio. Torquato Tasso, and in the Cloister, the Chamber where he dyed, with some of his Furniture and Manu|scripts: Here is good paintings of BaldSingle illegible letterssar di Siena and Hannibal Carraccio; and from hence is an in|comparable prospect of Rome. S. PIETRO in MONTORIO, The place where Note in marg: S. Pietro in Montorio. St. Peter was Crucified is a neat Chappel set about on the outside with Pillars, and in it his Statue: In the Church is the Transfiguration of our Saviour, by Raphael, said to be the best he ever made. S. MARIA in TRASTEUERE A pretty Church, Note in marg: S. Maria in Trasteuere. the first that was built in Rome, has a fine Piazza before it, the Roof richly gilded, supported with marble Pillars, the Tabernacle with Porphry; stands on the very same ground that formerly did the Taberna meritoria, where the lame Soldiers were relieved, and where the Fountain of Oyl, as they say, did miracu|lously foretel Christs Unction, as the present Inscrip|tion. Dum tenet emeritus miles sum magna Taberna Sed dum virgo tenet me major nuncupor & sum: Tunc oleum fluo fignans magnificam pietatem Christi Nascentis, nunc trado petentibus ipsam. View document image [27] containing page [50] Document Images S. FRANCESCO in RIPA GRANDE: Is the Note in marg: S. Francesco in Ripa grande. place where all the Boats and Merchandize Arrives, that comes to Rome, and formerly the abode of great S. Francis; in this Church the Piety is by CaSingle illegible lettera[...]co. S. MARIA del CARMINE: Has the E[...] richly Note in marg: S. Maria del Carmine. gilded, the Pillars entire, of reddish Marble, the Ta|bernacle supported by four graind, and colour'd like ex|cellent wood. S. GRISOGONO Is a pretty Church, in which Note in marg: S. Grisogono. Griso|gono. lyes Robert Arch-Bishop of York, and Cardinal of this place; the Pillars of the high Altar of a Stone different from all I have seen. S. MARIA del HORTO, Has a good Front, and Note in marg: S. Maria del Horto. Pictures to the Altars of good hands, stands in the ground given to Mutius Scevola for a reward of his incredible courage. S. CECILLIA, Is a Church that was formerly her House, and under the high Altar lyes her Effigies in Note in marg: S. Cecillia. white Marble, with many Lamps burning about it; at the entrance is seen divers antient Statues yet entire; there also lyes the body of an English Cardinal. S. SPIRITO, Is an Hospital of great Revenue, where|in Note in marg: S. Spirito. there is two Churches; and that of Sta. Tecla only for the Women: In the Summer there is seldom fewer than 700. sick people, 300. Girles, 1000. lit|tle Children in the Nurses armes, and 100. little Boys which go in blew Coats: The Sacristy is very fine, both as to its Building and Plate, of which they have a great quantity, besides Relicks of greater value, as three Fingers of St. Paul, &c. The occasion of Building this Hospital, and giving it this Name, was, that Innocent the 3d. heard a voyce that bid him rise, and go and Fish; and casting a Net accordingly into the Tyber, he catcht 400. Children, and being amaz'd View document image [27] containing page [51] Document Images at such a draught, praid for Illumination, and pre|sently a Model of this House was shown him. In S. GIACOMO SCOSSA CAVALLI, Note in marg: S. Giacomo Scossa Cavalli. Ca|valli. are the Stones whereon our Saviour was plac'd the day of his Circumcision, and that on which Abraham would have Sacrific'd Isaac; they were a Single illegible letteroken from St. Helen to the Pope, and should have been put into St. Peters, but the Stones would go no further than to this place, nor the Horses carry them, and were therefore forc'd to build this Church on purpose: This Truth is ex|press'd in the very name as well as attested by all Ca|tholicks. S. MARIA TRANSPONTINA Is a very neat Note in marg: S. Maria Transpontina. Transpon|tina. Church, and has a fine new Tabernacle: In it are the Pillars, at which St. Peter and St. Paul were publickly scourg'd, being the same that serv'd other Malefactors, and stood in the Foro Romano. S. ANGELO, Is a litte Church Dedicate to the An|gel, Note in marg: S. Angelo. Pope Gregory imagin'd he saw sheathing of his Sword when the Plague ceas'd. S. ATANASIO, Is a Church of very good Archi|tecture, Note in marg: S. Atanasio. with a Celledge near it for instruction of the Grecians, who have the Jesuits for their Masters, and as they are ripe, are sent into their own Country. S. TRINITA del MONTE, Is a handsome Church Note in marg: S. Trinita del Monte. and Convent of French, which has many Ornaments, besides paintings of Daniel de Volterra, Z[...]ch[...]o, and original Pictures of their French King, &c. Their Gar|den also is very pleasant, from this place there being an admirable prospect of Rome. S. CARLO in CORSO, Is a very fair Church with Note in marg: S. Carlo in Corso. fine Altars, but most remarkable for its Saints, none but Mistresses, and such as want them, frequenting it, of which it has every Holy day a very great Congre|gation. View document image [28] containing page [52] Document Images S. GIACOMO de gl INCURABILE: Is a Church Note in marg: St. Giacomo Giaco|mo de gl Incurabili. In|curabili. and Hospital for such only as are not curable: At one end of it is an Octangular Chappel, very pretty, with divers Ornaments Bassorilieno, &c. S. ROCCO, Has two Hospitals belongs to it, one Note in marg: S. Rocco. for Men, another for Women; and in the Church is a neat Marble Chappel. S. AMBROGIO, A Little Church, has also an Hos|pital Note in marg: S. Ambrogio. Ambro|gio. for the Lombards; the Picture at the high Altar by Tadeo Zuccaro. S. GIRALOMO de gli SCHIAVONI, A Titular Note in marg: S. Giralomo. Giralo|mo. amongst the 70. to the Cardinals, is peculiar to the Sclavonians, and has a good facciata. S. LORENZO in LUCINA, Built on the Ruine of Note in marg: S. Lorenzo in Lucina. a Temple to Diana, has therefore that name; in it every Saturday night is Musick, and a Sermon in praise of the Virgin. S. SILVESTRO, Has in it the miraculous picture Note in marg: S. Silvestro. Christ made of himself, and sent to the King of Soria, Abagarus, and here also is the head of St. John Baptist. S. ANDREA del FRATE, Now repairing, for|merly Note in marg: S. Andrea del Frate. belong'd to the Scotch Fryers. S. GIROLAMO della CARITA, Is a Church and Note in marg: S. Girolama Girola|ma della Carita. Society of Priests which live in Community upon their own expences. S. MARIA in VIA, The Title of Cardinal Bellar|mine, Note in marg: S. Maria in Via. repair'd by him; is one of the most Sacred Churches in Rome, and built on this occasion: In a Well by Cardinal CapSingle illegible lettercci's Stable, was by accident fallen, or thrown in, the Picture of the Virgin, which though very deep, yet the Water swell'd to that Degree, that (in the Night) they lifted it out again, and carried it into the aforesaid Stable, where the View document image [28] containing page [53] Document Images Grooms found it floting, and the Cardinal their Ma|ster showing it with great Reverence to Pope Innocent the 4th. he order'd the Building of this Church; the Well yet remains, and is made more worthy the Peoples Devotion, by having added to it that very same piece of the Well whereon our Saviour sat when he talk'd with the Samaritan. S. APOSTOLI, Dedicated to the 12. Apostles, Built Note in marg: S. Apostoli. by Constantine; in it is a Marble Statue, said to be made by Mich. Angelo. S. MARIA in VIALATA, Is built on the Ruins of Note in marg: S. Maria in Vialata. the Tryumphal Arch of Gordian; the Front of it very noble, upon Pillars, over one another, the Portico open, with tall Iron Rails, the Faciata, the Architecture of Pietro di Cortona: In it is the Oratory of St. Luke, where he writ the Acts of the Apostles, and another Picture of the Virgin, made by him, which does as great Miracles as the rest of his Paintings. S. MARCELLO, In which is the Chappel of the Note in marg: S. Marcello. Crucifix, which being carryed in procession, caused a great Plague to cease: In this Church also, besides ma|ny other Relicks, is the Body of the Soldier that pierced our Saviours Side: The Pulpit is very pretty, being white Marble, supported by an Angel sitting on a blew Globe spangled with Stars, made by Bernino: 'Tis built in the place, and on the Ruins of the Temple of Iside, an Egyptian Goddess. S. MARCO, Is a little Church where that Evan|gelist Note in marg: S. Marco. lyes Buryed, and where he was Consecrated Priest, and made Pope too. S. MARIA di LORETO, Is a very neat Church, built round, with a noble Cupola, adorn'd with divers Note in marg: S. Maria di Loreto. paintings of Zuccaro, &c. View document image [29] containing page [54] Document Images S. QUIRICO, Cast out Devils out of the Daugh|ter Note in marg: S. Quirico. of DiocleSingle illegible letterian, and in reward, had a House given him, where now stands thi Church. MADONNA de'MONTI, Is the Architecture of Note in marg: Madonna de Monti. G[...]m [...]llSingle illegible letter Porta, built on this occasion, herSingle illegible letter be|ing once Single illegible letter Convent, they hSingle illegible letterd left on an old Wall the picture of the Virgin· against which was laid a Dung|hill, &c. Single illegible letternd she being disgusted, to be so affronted by extraordinary Miracles, made her self be taken notice of, to that degree, that the People in General Club'd to the building of her this Church, which now their Cha|rity maintains, and as a perpetual mark of their De|votion, every year offer her a Challice and four wax Tapers. IL GIESU Is the Jesuits Church, a Majestick Note in marg: Il Giesu. Building, design'd by Vignola, their Sacristy so rich, that as they confess themselves 'tis worth 25000. l. Sterl. and their Hangings for it of so great value, that they cannot tell which is worth most, them or their Plate: Under the high Altar lyes St. Ignatius their Founder, and by him the great Bellarmine. S. MARIA SOPRA MINERVA Is built upon the Note in marg: S. Maria Sopra So|pra Mineva. Mine|va. Ruins of Minerva's Temple, which was erected there by Pompey; it has Statues and divers Pictures by fa|mous Masters in its Chappels, particularly, one of our Saviour, by Mich. Angelo; before it stands a short Guglia, with Herogliphicks, mounted on an Elephant: The Society of this Church (five times a year) give Portions to young Girles that want Fortunes, a Charity his Holiness takes such pleasure in, that he oft comes himself to see the Procession, and suffers them one by one to kiss his Feet. S. IGNATIO LOIOLA Is a noble Structure ad|joyning, Note in marg: S. Ignatio Loiola. and for the use of the Roman Colledge, but is not yet quite finish'd. View document image [29] containing page [55] Document Images S. FRANCESCO SAVERIO Is a little Church Note in marg: S. Francesco Saverio. belonging to the former, wherein the Jesuits exhort Sinners to lash themselves, and the Candles being put out, they wisely follow their advice, and scourge their naked backs, or what other part they please with knot|ted Whip-cords, which the Charitable Fathers always supply them with, let the number be never so great. COLEGIO ROMANO Is a magnificent Building, Note in marg: Colegio Romano. the Windows, Corniches, and Ornaments of the Doors, Marble; within the Court, it has noble Portico's, great Rooms, and amongst them the Gallery of Father Kirker, full of Curiosities, and above all, two Basilisks, or Creatures exactly like their Description, a Sheckle of Silver with an Hebrew Inscription, and Manna falling into a Cup engraven upon it; the Anatomy of a Child three moneths old, which was Christned; several sorts of Clocks and Mathematical experiments, and the fine Figure of a Boy catching a Grass-hopper, by Bernino: The Fathers of this Colledge are 140. Jesuites, which instruct and discipline 2000. Youths, of which few or none are lodged by them: To teach them to Preach, they are sent upon Holy-days to all parts of the City, where like our Quakers, they get upon Bulks, or some high place, and Baul for an hour or two to the Rabble about them. S. BARTOLOMEO e S. ALLESSANDRO de Note in marg: S. Bartolomeo Bartolo|meo e S. Allessandro de Bergamaschi. Berga|maschi. BERGAMASCHI Is a little Church Dedicate also to a third Saint, Maccute, an English Bishop that lived 1100. years agoe; and the place where it stands is called after his name: The painting in Fresco is by Polydore. S. MARIA ROTONDA, Formerly Pantheon, Note in marg: S. Maria Rotonda. Dedicate to the Mother of the Gods, and all the Gods, but now varied to the Mother of God; and all the View document image [30] containing page [56] Document Images Gods, or Saints, and because in the Heathens time, it was full of Idols, that it might not now be altogether without Furniture, Pope Boniface the 4th. carryed into it 28. Cart loads of Bodys he took out of several Church-yards, and made Holy: But which is more Or|nament to it, there is Buryed famous Raphael Urbin, with this Distich under his Effigies, by Bembo, Ille hic est Raphael timuit quo sospite vinci, Rerum magna parens, & moriente Mori. The cover of this admirable Structure being of Co|rinthian Brass, Pope Urban the 8th. took it away to make Cannons of it, and for some other uses, a thing, that all the Barbarous Nations that had sack'd Rome, never toucht; its Dedication, making it to all People and Religious Sacred, except the Catholick: Before this Church is a square Piazza. S. MARIA MADDALENA Is a Church with a Note in marg: S. Maria Maddalena. neat front. GLI ORFANELLI Is a Church of the Archi|tecture Note in marg: Gli Orfanelli. Orfa|nelli. of Volterra, joyning to it, a Colledge for Or|phans. S. EUSTACHIO Was Built by Constantine; the Note in marg: S. Eustachio. S. Peter in Fresco by Perino Vaga. S. LUIGI de'FRANCESI Was built by Lewis Note in marg: S. Luigi de Francesi: the 9th. the Architecture of the Front Giacomo della Porta; the Pictures are of Caravaggio, Bassano, &c. S. AGOSTINO, Where there is another Picture Note in marg: S. Agostino. of our Lady, supposed to be made by St. Luke; most certain, it did stop a great Plague, being carried in Procession by Innocent the 8th. Here is also a Picture of Raphaels, and a Statue of St. Ann, by Sansovinus, that are mightily esteem'd, besides others by Volterra, Caravaggio, and the Fresco by Polydore. View document image [30] containing page [57] Document Images Sa. AGNESE Is the Architecture of Borromino; Note in marg: Sa. Agnese. a Church not large but most Majestick, having a Cu|pola and a Steeple ala moderna on each side of it; within, adorn'd with Marbles, Bassirilevi, &c. 'Twas built, and in this very place, because Sa. Agnese was brought hither to be Ravish'd, it being then a place for all Manner of sports, but had her Virginity miracu|lously preserv'd by her Guardian Angel. S. ANTONIO de'PORTUGHESI Is a Church Note in marg: S. Antonio de Portughesi. Portu|ghesi. and Hospital peculiar to that Nation, of which the Em|bassador is always the Head or Chief. S. APOLINARE Is a Church wherein there is most Note in marg: S. Apolinare excellent Musick, and belonging to it, a Colledge of Germans founded upon occasion of Martin Luthers Heresie. S. GIACOMO de'SPAGNUOLI Is a Church and Note in marg: S. Graiomo de Spagnu. oli. Hospital for none but Spaniards; in it is a Picture by Annibal Carraccio, Sansovinus, with some Sculpture, by Bernino. S. MARIA del'ANIME Is a Church and Hospital Note in marg: S Maria del Anime. for the Flemmings: In the Chappels are Paintings of Baldassere da Siena, di Giulio Romano, &c. and on the great Altar, about the Picture of the Madonna, Souls painted by the life, adoring her. S. MARIA della PACE Has not only a fine front, Note in marg: S. Maria della Pace. but is admirably adorn'd within, being full of Paintings and Statues of great Masters: The Sibills and Prophets in the Chappel of Chigi, being the work of Raphael Urbin, and the Statues of St. Peter and St. Paul, of Mich. Angelo: The occasion of building this Church was, that under the Po[...]co of a Former in this place, called S. Andrea, stood the Picture of our Lady, at which an enrag'd Gamester throwing Stones, and making her bleed in several places, as is yet plainly to be seen; View document image [31] containing page [58] Document Images this Image was held in greater Veneration than any, and Sixtus the 4th. praying to it, offer'd the Virgi to Build her a new Church here to her self if she would cease the Wars then in Italy, which according|ly succeeding, he perform'd his promise. CHIESA NUOVA Is a very neat Church, the Roof Note in marg: Chiesa Nuova. Nu|ova. gilded and painted by Pietro di Cortona, with seve|ral other Pictures on the Altars of Carravaggio, Guido Rheni, Rubens, &c. Adjoyning to it is the Oratory wherein every Festival is admirable Musick: In this Church likewise, the Virgins Picture being wounded by a Blasphemer, did bleed abundantly. S. MARTINO del MONTE, Is a neat Church, Note in marg: S. Martino del Monte. where the Pillars and Pedistals are all of new Marble, the Roof gilded and deserves to be of the first Rate. SPEDALE de'VECCHI, Is something like Suttons Note in marg: Spedale de Vecchi. S. Gio Battista Bat|tista de Fiorentini. Fio|rentini. Hospital, where 400. Old men Eat in good Order. S. GIO BATTISTA de'FIORENTINI. Is the Architecture of Mich. Angelo, and would have been like the Rotonda according to his Model that they shew, but the expence proving too great, 'twas chang'd and finish'd by Giacomo della Porta; it belongs to the Florentines who have built an Hospital by it for their Country-men. S. BRIGIDA Is a little Church and Hospital for the Swedes, the Picture of our Lady, by Hannibal Note in marg: S. Brigida. Carraccio: This Saint is very remarkable, because our Lady at seaven years old appeared to her, and put a Crown upon her head, and at ten our Saviour him|self made her a visit. S. TOMASO degl INGLESE Is a Church and Note in marg: S. Tomaso degi Inglese Colledge for Education of English Jesuits, Dedicated to Thomas Becket, founded by a Rich English man for an Hospital, and afterwards made a Seminary for the View document image [31] containing page [59] Document Images good of this Kingdom, by Gregory the 13th. On this Saints day, every year, all the English in Rome are treated by them. S. MARIA di MONSERRATO Has a good Note in marg: S. Maria di Monserrato Front, an Hospital by it, both belonging to the Spa|niards. S. LORENZO in DAMASO Is built on the Note in marg: S. Lorenzo in Damaso. Ruins of Pompeys Amphitheatre; the Roof gilded, the Pictures by Zuccaro di Vecchi, and Pietro di Cortona; the Fresco by Giuseppe and Pomerancio: In this Church (three times a week) are also Exhorta|tions to discipline their naked backs with knotted Whip|cords. TRINITA di PONTE SISTO Is a Church and Note in marg: Trinita di Ponte Sisto. Hospital that entertains Pilgrims, and such as are re|covering, discharg'd from other Hospitals; of the for|mer, in the holy years, they have very great numbers, for most of which they provide Meat and Lodging for three days, the Cardinals, Prelates, and sometimes Popes themselves, washing their Feet and serving them at Table: The last holy year but this, according to their Books, they received four hundred and forty four thou|sand and five hundred Men, and five and twenty thou|sand and five hundred Women; in which croud, they believe Angels do sometimes come disguis'd, and under the Pilgrims leather Gorget conceal their Wings; there is also here once a week a Sermon to the Jews, which they are oblig'd to come and hear: The Picture at the Altar is by Guido Rheni. S. MARIA del PIANTO Is so called because the Note in marg: S. Maria del Pianto. Image of our Lady on the Walls of the Church wept to see two men quarrel, and the one kill the other in her presence; which Picture is with great reverence now kept within the Church, gives a name and View document image [32] containing page [60] Document Images badge to the Order, and procur'd Alms large enough to Re-build it. S. CARLO de'CATENARI Is a well-built Church, Note in marg: S. Carlo de Catenari. the Front very fine, the painting in it of Domeni|chini, Lanfranco, Andrea del Sarto, &c. Here like|wise, every Friday-night, People are invited to lash themselves. S. ANDREA della VALLE Is one of the finest Note in marg: S. Andrea della Valle. Churches in Rome; within, large and Majestick, built upon the Ruins of Pompey's Theatre, has several neat Chappels, that of Strozzi, the Architecture of Mich. Angelo; the Painting by Lanfranco, and Domeni|chini. S. STANISLAO, Is a little Church and Hospital, Note in marg: S. Stanislao. built by, and only for the use of the Polacks. S. MARIA in PORTICO Is built in the place Note in marg: S. Maria in Portico. of Mars his Temple, where the ancient Romans held their Councels of War, and on the occasion of the Vir|gins sending Pope John the first her Picture, very richly set, made in Heaven, and brought by two glo|rious Angels, which being afterwards Stolne (in the time of Clement the 7th. by Bourbons Soldiers) and carryed into Spain, came back of it self, and when Paul the 2d. committed a Rape upon her, and lock'd her in his private Chappel, she then also escap'd to this her own Church: Leo the 10th. desiring Victory a|gainst the Turks, had this Image carryed in Procession and devoutly bare-foot follow'd it with all his Cardinals; the same did Paul the 3d. and in the same manner was the Plague stopt, 1656. for which last favor she had this new Habitation made her, and a perpetual Feast on the 17th. of July, the day of this Pictures Appa|rition. View document image [32] containing page [61] Document Images S. CATERINA de'FUNARI, A neat Church Note in marg: S. Caterina de'Funari. and Cloister for Nuns, wherein is also provision apart for such Women, as by Poverty or Discord forsake their Husbands; there are Paintings of Zuccaro, Annibal Carraccio, &c. S. ANGELO in PESCARIA, Built, and so call|ed, Note in marg: S. Angelo in Pescaria. upon occasion of St. Michael the Arch-Angel's ap|pearing in this place: The Chappel of St. Andrew is very pretty; the Paintings of Sacconi, Carracico's Schollar. S. GIO DECOLLATO, Is a pretty little Church, Note in marg: S. Gio Decollato. De|collato. in which there are several Pictures of great Masters: The charge of these Fathers, is, to take care of the Souls of Malefactors that dye, whom they also Bury. S. MARIA EGITTIACA Is a little Church and Note in marg: S. Maria Egittiaca. E|gittiaca. Colledge for the Armenians: In it is Built the exact Figure of Christs Sepulchre in Jerusalem; 'twas an|ciently a Temple to Jupiter and the Sun. SCUOLA GRECA, Is an ancient Church, where Note in marg: Sevola Greca. they show an old marble Head, called Bocca della Ve|rita, which some would have to have served for the utterance of an Oracle, but has rather been an Orna|ment for a Sink or Common-shoar. S. MADALLENA al CORSO, I sa Church and Note in marg: S. Maddalena Madda|lena al Corso. Cor|so. Monastery for neglected Whores; to which, besides o|ther Almes was given by Clement the 7th. the fifth part of all other Whores Estates, (whether publick or private at their Deaths) else if detected, they were not capable of making Wills. S. SABINA Upon Monte Aventino, Is in the very Note in marg: S. Sabina. same place, where anciently stood Diana's Temple: In this Church the great Patriach S. Dominick us'd to pray, and vex'd the Devil so, that he threw a black Stone at him of the size and figure of a Holland Cheese, View document image [33] containing page [62] Document Images which in the body of the Church is now Chain'd to a Pedistal, together with the relation in Print. S. ALLESSIO, Is built on the Ruins of Hercules his Note in marg: S. Allessio. Temple, who had it Dedicate for having here kill'd Caeus that had his Den near this place: In the Church is most devoutly kept a little Stair|case, under which St. Allexius lived 17. years in his Fathers House, desiring to be private: There is al|so his Statue which spoke to St. Alleria. S. MARIA nel AVENTINO, Is the place where an|ciently Note in marg: S. Maria nel Aventino. was the Temple of the Buona Dea, into which, none but VVomen were to enter, and yet Cezar, was made a Cuckold there. In S. SABA, are the marble Tombs of Vespasian Note in marg: S. Saba. and Titus. S. BALBINA, Is the Title of a Cardinal, and found|ed Note in marg: S. Balbina. by St. Mark himself. S. NEREO ed ACCHILLEO, Built on the Ruins of Note in marg: S. Nereo ed Acchilleo. the Temple of Iside; the Picture of Flavia, is by Cavre. Pomerancio. S. SISTO, Was formerly the Temple of Mars, which Note in marg: S. Sisto. S. Sisto made to tumble down by a Battery of Prayers, and had it afterwards Dedicate to himself: In the same place S. Dominick did ouce Inhabit, exercising the Office both of Abbess and Confessor to a Convent of Nunns; during which time ('tis said) he did raise three men from the dead (or gave them a Being.) Here likewise is another Picture of the Virgin, made by St. Luke. S. GIOVANNI a PORTA LATINA, A little Note in marg: S. Giovanni a Porta Latina. La|tina. Church where St. John was boyld in Oyl; was anci|ently a Temple to Diana, as is to be seen by the Fi|gures on the VVall of one on Horse-back, a Dog and a Clown running before him. View document image [33] containing page [63] Document Images MARONITES Is a little Church and Colledge, Note in marg: Maronites. wherein they say Mass in their own Arabick Lan|guage. ARACELI, So called from an Altar in it, Dedi+cate Note in marg: Araceli. by Augustus in these words, Ara primo geniti Dei, which is now adorn'd with Marble Pillars, &c. 'Twas anciantly the great Temple of Jupiter, standing on part of the Capital Hill, and the ascent to it by above 100. white marble Steps; 'tis large, the Roof Gilded, and near the Door, on one of the Pillars, is A Cubiculo Augusforum: Here also is a Picture of our Lady by St. Luke: The Chappel near the high Altar is Painting, by Caure. Giuseppe. S. GIUSEPPE de FALEGNAMI, Is a little Note in marg: S. Giuseppe de Falegnami. Faleg|nami. Church, Built by the Carpenters, and peculiar to them; under it is the Prison, wherein St. Peter and St. Paul were kept nine moneths, the Pillars to which they were Chaind; and in the Wall is the print of St. Peters Face, when he stumbled and ran his Nose against it, being so great a dint, that with two or three such knoks more he might have got that way out of Prison: In the mid'st of it, is a little dirty Spring which (they say) he commanded to appear when he wanted water to Christen the Goaler. S. LUCA Is Built upon the Ruins of the Temple Note in marg: S. Luca. of Mars, now belonging to the Painters, and will be a very neat Church when finish'd: The Picture of St. Luke is by Raphel's hand; the Architecture is of Pietro di Cortona, who Built part of it at his own Charge. S. ADRIANO, Was formerly the Temple of Saturn, Note in marg: S. Adriano. and so ancient, that 'twas before Romulus his time; the great brass Doores were carry'd to St. John La|teran. View document image [34] containing page [64] Document Images S. LORENZO in MIRANDA Is the Temple of Note in marg: S. Lorenzo in Miranda. Antonino and Frustina, converted to a Church; the Front, Pillars of the Portico and Architectave, with th' Inscription, being almost perfect still: The Picture at the high Altar is Pietro di Cortona's, the other of Domenichini; it belongs to the Apothecaries. S. COSMO e DAMIANO Is the Temple Dedica|ted Note in marg: S. Cosmo e Damiano. to Romulus; it has its brass Doors still remain|ing, and in it the famous Picture of the Virgin that reprov'd Pope Gregory for not saluting her as he had us'd to do, This is most certainly true; but how the Old Man excus'd himself, is not Recorded. S. MARIA LIBERATRICE, Where Cicero's Note in marg: S. Maria Liberatriee. Li|beratriee. House once stood; has in it three Pillars. taken out of the Temple of Jupiter. S. MARIA NUOVA, Has before the great Altar, Note in marg: S. Maria Nuova. the Tomb of Sa. Francesca Romana, of rare Bernino's work, and one of the Pictures of our Lady, made by St. Luke, which though the whole Church was Burnt, yet took no harm: Here also is kept the Stone, upon which St. Peter Pray'd (and left the prints of his knees) that Simon Magus might fall, who took his flight about this place. S. SEBASTIANO Is a little Church with divers Note in marg: S. Sebastiano. Sebastia|no. Pictures in it, and the place where St. Sebastian was Shot, but healing still so fast, that 'twas impossible that way to kill him; he was here beaten to death. S. TEODORO Is a little round Church Dedicated Note in marg: S. Teodoro. to Romulus and Renuis, being the very place where they were found, and therefore here was placed the Sta|tue of the Wolf, with the two Boys at her Paps, now in the Capitol. S. MARIA delle GRATIE, Was formerly the Temple Note in marg: S. Maria delle Gratie of Vesta, Built round, with Corinthian Pillars, which View document image [34] containing page [65] Document Images still remain; here also is another wonderful Picture of our Lady, by St. Luke's hand. S. MARIA della CONSOLATIONE, Built on oc|casion Note in marg: S. Maria della Consolatione. Con|solatione. of the Virgins Image, on an old Wall, working Miracles: The Front is the Architecture of Martino Lunghi, and the Chappel of Matie, painted by Taddeo Zuccaro. S. ANASTASIA, Is a Church with a handsome Note in marg: S. Anastasia. Front, built in the place where was once a Temple to Neptune; in it is preserv'd the Head-cloaths of the Virgin, which she pull'd off to swath our Saviour in; and likewise a part of Josephs Cloak, that serv'd for his Covering. S. GREGORIO in MONTE CELIO, Abounds Note in marg: S. Gregorio in Monte Celio. with Pardons for the Dead, and besides, admirable Re|licks, has an Image of our Lady that spoke to St. Gre|gory; and which though not so wonderful, is yet very remarkable; our Saviour himself once came to him for an Almes; and at another time an Angel, who at his departure, confest he had been often with him before, and how that he had once got a Silver Poringer; for all which, having sufficiently testified his Gratitude, he flew away: This Saint, for being so much Heavens Favourite, was Sir named the Great; his Chappel is painted by Carraccio. S. GIOVANNI e PAOLO, Were the two Eunuchs of Note in marg: S. Giovanni e Paolo. Constanza, the Daughter of Constantine, which she abandoning, they lived a melancholly, holy Life, in the place where now stands their Church. The two Chappels are painted by Raphael di Regio, and Pari Romano. S. STEPHANO ROTONDA, Is built on the Ruins Note in marg: S. Stephano Roconda. of the Temple, of the Emperor Claudeus; there is a Picture by Raphael, Perino del Vaga, and some paint|ings of Pomerancio. View document image [35] containing page [66] Document Images S. QUATRO, So called from four Bodies made Note in marg: S. Quatro. Saints, by Pope Leo the 4th. for to Hallow this Church, which he drew like a Lottery, out of the Church-yard, not knowing whom he Single illegible letterook; but since ('tis said) their Names have miraculously been reveal'd. S. EUSEBIO Is a little Church, built upon the Note in marg: S. Eusebio. Ruins of the Emperor Gordians Pallace. S. ANTONIO Is a very pretty Church; to the Fa|thers Note in marg: S. Antonio. of which, is committed the Spiritual care of all the Horses, Mules, and Asses in Rome, who upon that Saints day, come in a noble Procession to receive their Blessings; and that they may succeed, they bring every one Offerings with them of Wax-Candles, Money, Hay, Oats, Bricks, &c. according to their Employment, which two Priests receive, who stand with great brushes and pails of Holy-water in a proper place to give their Benedictions. S. PRASSEDE: In a Chappel of this Church is Note in marg: S. Prassede. to be seen a piece of the Pillar, at which our Saviour was scourg'd: And which makes the Church more con|siderable, there is in it 3300. Saints Bodies, and some Pictures, by Giulio Romano, Giuseppe and Zuc|caro. S. PIETRO in VINCOLI, Preserves St. Peters Note in marg: S. Pietro in Vincoli. Fetters: In this Church is a famous Statue of Moses in white Marble, much bigger than the Life; by Mich. Angelo, and the best that ever he made. S. DOMENICO a Monte MAGNANAPOLI, Note in marg: S. Domenico Domeni|co a Monte Magnanapoli. Magnana|poli. S. Silvestro a... Has another famous Picture of our Lady, painted by St. Luke. S. SILVESTRO a Monte CAVALLO, In it, and the Chappels, divers Paintings by great Ma|sters. View document image [35] containing page [67] Document Images S. ANDREA Is a little neat Church, Built by Note in marg: S. Andrea. Prince Panfilio, and Caure. Bernino, the Architect; 'tis so lined with fine Marble, and adorn'd with little Statues of Angels, Cherubs. &c. that for the bigness of it, 'tis as fine as any thing in Rome. S. VITALE Is Built on the Ruins of the Temple Note in marg: S. Vitale. of Quirino, who here appeared to Proculus. S. LORENZO in PANISPERNA, Stands where Note in marg: S. Lorenzo in Panisperna. Panisper|na. St. Laurence was put upon the Grid-iron by the Emperor Decius, whose Pallace stood in this place; the Mar|tyrdome painted in Fresco; and to make it more Holy (by a Miracle) they show the Tomb of a Scotch Virgin. SAPIENZA Is a well-built Colledge for publick Note in marg: Sapienza. Lectures; the Architecture of Giacomo della Porta. PROPAGANDO FIDE Is a Colledge of noble Note in marg: Propagando Propagan|do Fide. Building for Eastern Students of Catholick Divinity, who are afterwards sent home to make all their Country|men (if possible) as wise as themselves. S. PUDENTIANA, The Daughter to a Roman Note in marg: S. Pudentiana. Pudenti|ana. Senator, Converted by St. Peter, in whose House he lived Seaven years, now a Church: There is a fine Chappel built by Cardinal Gaetano, lined with curious polish'd Jasper and Marble, adorn'd with Pictures and Statues: At the Altar a Priest doubting whe|ther the Ostia he had Consecrated, were flesh or not, it leapt out of his hands, and all bloodied the Stones, over which, are now two Glasses set to preserve the spots, which are very visible to the eye of Faith: Here also is a Well, in which they say is the blood of 3000. Martyrs; and they have likewise some of St. Pe|ters old Cloaths, and the wooden Altar, at which he first said Mass. View document image [36] containing page [68] Document Images S. DEGLI ANGELI, Is the Therme of Dioclesian, Note in marg: S. Degli Angeli. An|geli. with little alteration converted to a Church for the Carthusians, who out of the same Ruins have also Cells; the Dedication is to the seaven Angels that are God-All mighties assistants. S. BERNARDO Is a great round Tower belonging Note in marg: S. Bernardo. to the Therme of Dioclesian, now made a Church. S. SUSANNA Is a very neat Church and Front; Note in marg: S. Susanna. the History is painted by Baldassere da Bologna, the other Pictures of Pari Romano, &c. Here was the Campo Scelerato, where the wanton Vestals were Bu|ryed alive. S. MARIA della VITTORIA, Is so called for the Note in marg: S. Maria della Vittoria. Vitto|ria. Battle of Prague: The Chappel of Cardinal Cornaro is very fine, being the Architecture of Bernino; that of Gessi is Painted by Domenichini; a Crucifix by Guido Rheni. In S. AGNESE: On the Feast-day, by the Pope, &c. Note in marg: S. Agnese. two white Lambs are solemnly blest, and of their Wool Palls made and sent Presents to the Patriarchs, Bishops, &c. S. COSTANZA was the Temple of Bacchus, which Note in marg: S. Costanza. is entire still, and serves for a Church without altera|tion; 'tis round, supported with double rows of Marble|pillars, and in the Roof old Mosaick work of Uni|tage, &c. In it, stands a great thick Chest, or Trough of Porphry, with a cover suitable to the rest of its Beauty; on the Corners of which, is figur'd Child hood, Youth, Man-hood, and Old Age; on the other Bassori|lievo in Grotesque, Boys with Baskets of Grapes, &c. The use of this no man can guess, but the Vulgar call it Bacchus his Tomb. PALAZZO VATICANO Stands close to St. Pe|ters, Note in marg: Palazzo Vaticano. on the side of an agreeable Hill, and is vast, View document image [36] containing page [69] Document Images but not uniform. In the Chappel Sisto, by the great Hall is Mich. Angelo's last Judgment, but so dark, that one can scarce discern an Angel from a Devil: The Library is one large Room, supported with Pillars like a Church; about which are low Presses, wherein are kept the Books, and the like by the side of the Walls; and over them Historical Paintings in Fresco; at the end are some little Rooms Gallery-wise, that cross this, which are also stor'd with choice Manuscripts, as a Terence 1200. years old; a Chinese-book, whose leaves are infinitely thinner and smoother than Paper, made of some Herb, others of Barks of Trees, Hyere|gliphicks of Mexico, Mass-books with Figures of Saints, Angels, &c. in admirable Minature; a Volum of all Insects with their Figures painted; Henry the 8th. his Book against Luther, Dedicated to the Pope; his Love-Letters to Anna Bullein; an ancient Greek Bible writ in Gold· &c. The great Gallery is furnish'd with large Maps in proper colours of Italy; the other Rooms with Velvet; the Roof and Sides (in all the principal) Paintings, by divers great Masters of Devotion, &c. but most of them by Raphael; and amongst the rest, there is an Armory for 30000. men. The great Gar|den has diversity of Pleasure, Trees of all sorts, as Palms, &c. A little Wood, a Flat, an Ascent, great Fountains falling from high, others bursting like a River out of rude Rock cover'd with Greens, Grotta's, &c. The little Garden is thick set with Orange-Trees, and variety of Fountains; at the upper-end are two brass Peacocks, once gilt, and stood upon the Tomb of Scipio Affricanus, and by them the great brass Pine-apple, taken from the Moles Adriani: By this, in a little Court, are the admirable Statues preserv'd of Laocon and his Sons, bit by Serpents; the Trunk of Hercules, View document image [37] containing page [70] Document Images by which Mich. Angelo learnt so much; two Venusses, two Rivers, Nile and Tyber; a great Hercules, that admired one of Antinuus of Oriental Marble. PALAZZO FARNESE, Has before it a fine Note in marg: Palazzo Farnese. Piazza with noble Fountains; was design'd by Mich. Angelo, is square Building, clear from other Houses, and on every side a great Enterance: The Court is up|on Pillars, in which is the admirable Statue of Her|cules found in the Therme of Antoninus Caracalla; that of the Vestal, that to Vindicate her Chastity brought water in a Sive from the Tyber; above, are Galleries again in the same manner: In the Rooms are great numbers of Statues and Pictures; among the rest Mich. Angelo's, and Raphael Urbins, done by their own hands; but beyond all, is the Salle, painted by Hannibal Caraccio: On the back-side the Court is the famous Statue of the Bull, with Dirce tyed to his Horns, &c. which is as wonderful for the size, as the work: For the Garden wanting here, it has a noble one by Ponte Sisto. PALAZZO BURGHESI, Is the Architecture of Note in marg: Palazzo Burghesi. Martino Lunghi; has 19. Rooms on a Floor, the first two Stories in the Court supported with Pillars; the Garden (being in the mid'st of Rome) little, yet has three great Fountains, besides divers small ones plac'd between every two Orange Trees; and to recompence the want of ground, has a Garden and Fountains like|wise on the top of the House, which has a noble Pro|spect: The Rooms are richly furnish'd, besides the Pictures and Paintings, which are in great quantities, by the greatest Masters, as Titian and Mich. Angelo's by their own hands; the famous Crucifix of the latter, and the Bed-Chamber hung all with naked Venusse's in several postures: The Princess, her Room of Audience View document image [37] containing page [71] Document Images has two Fountains and Basons at each end, of a Mar|ble, like the best Wall-nut, and Tables, and Door|cases too of the same, so admirably colour'd and grain'd, that none would take it to be Stone: The great Look|ing-glass they show as a Curiosity, for having the frames of Christal entire, without any mettal to joyn or fasten them. MONTE CAVALLO, Is the Popes Re|sidence; Note in marg: Monte Cavallo. Ca|vallo. has an open large Piazza before it, whereon stand the two famous Grecian Horses that give it the name; it has a great noble Court and Garden, with great Variety of Fountains, Grotta's, Groves of Orange-Trees, and every thing proportion|able except Furniture; the Architecture is of Dome|nico Fontane. PAZZORELLA Is the House where Lunaticks and Note in marg: Pazzorella. Fools are kept, most of the Mad-men in it, being Priests, and amongst them, one that believes himself to be the Pope, and were he in his Habit, might easily be mistaken, being very like him both in person and face. PALAZZO del S. UFFICIO, Is the Pallace of Note in marg: Palazzo del S. Ufficio. the Inquisition, where there are divers Grave Fathers attending, but the holy Tormentors have now little to do. PALAZZO PALESTRINO, One of the finest Note in marg: Palazzo Palestrino. Pa|lestrino. in Rome, is built on the side of a Hill, has abundance of Chambers, and those very well stor'd with Statues, Pictures, and other rich Furniture; of the first, there is a Cupid and a young Lady of the Family rarely done, by Bernino, and Raphaels Mistress painted by him|self, as also the famous Venus by Titian; of which, there are so many Copies: The Grand Salle, the paint|ing of Pietro di Cortona. View document image [38] containing page [72] Document Images PALAZZO CHIGI Is a new and excellent well|built Note in marg: Palazzo Chigi. Pallace, the Architecture of Bernino; the Rooms all well contriv'd and richly furnish'd, most of them with Tissue, and full of excellent Pictures of the great|est Masters, and in every one of them sweet Bags of different and admirable perfumes: In one Chamber, called the Foutesterium are Looking-glasses with Christal frames, hung with great drops of the same, valued at 12000. Crowns; the Bed of White-sattin, rarely pain|ted in Flowers, and Embroider'd with Gold, and the Ceeling painted with greens, &c. suitable to the rest. PALAZZO PANFILLIO Is in the great Piazza Note in marg: Palazzo Panfillio. Navona, in the mid'st of which, stands that fine Gu|glia and Fountain, with the Figures of the four famous Rivers of the World, by Bernino: This Pallace has a|bundance of Rooms, Statues, and Pictures, and is noble building, but none of these of the first rate, only the Gallery is the painting of Pietro di Cortona. PALAZZO PANFILLIO, In the Carso, a Street Note in marg: Palazzo Panfillio. almost the length of Rome, wherein the Ladies in the Evening take the Air: This Pallace will be fine when finish'd, but the additional Building makes it in some disorder; amongst others the Statues there of Ber|nino's six Boyes are very good. PALAZZO COLONNA Is a great Pallace richly Note in marg: Palazzo Colonna. furnish'd: In his Garden, on the side of the Hill of Montecovallo was the Therme of Constantine, and on the top of it, the place where Nero stood to behold Burning-Rome; the Ruins of this Pillar there being all white marble Stones of Prodigious bigness, some six yards long and four Diameter, curiously cut in foliage, &c. PALAZZO ORSINI Is a great Pallace built on Note in marg: Palazzo Orsini. the Ruins of Pompey's Theatre. View document image [38] containing page [73] Document Images PALAZZO di PAOLO 3o. Is a Pallace which Note in marg: Palazzo di Paolo 3°. has had three famous Architects, Sangola, Mich. An|gelo, and Vignola. PALAZZO SISTO 5o;. Is the Architecture of Note in marg: Palazzo Sisto 5. Giacomo Fontana, not now Inhabited. PALAZZO GHIGI Is in the Longara, wherein is Note in marg: Palazzo Ghigi. the Banquet of the Gods, by Raphael, the freshest colours I have seen; as well as the Pallace, the Gardens, Fountains, and Walks of Orange Trees are pleasant. PALAZZO di RAPHAEL was Raphael Urbins own Note in marg: Palazzo di Raphael. Habitation, a very pretty Pallace. PALAZZO di CAFFARELLI, Is a very noble Note in marg: Palazzo di Caffarelli. Pallace, built by Raphael Urbin also. PALAZZO de i RE d'INGHILTERRA Is a Note in marg: Palazzo de i Re d'Inghilterra. d'Inghil|terra. ueat Pallace, formerly belonging to the Kings of Eng|land; for their Embassadors, the Architecture of Bramante. 2. PALLAZZI MASSIMI: The one Architecture of Note in marg: Palazzi Massimi. Baldassere Peruzzi, the other of Domenico Fontana, in both are many Statues and Pictures. CASA PIGHINI Is the house where those admirable Note in marg: Casa Pighini. Pig|hini. Statues are of Meleager and a Venus, for which, my Lord Arundel offered 12000. Crowns. PALAZZO del GRAN DUCA Is a fine Pallace Note in marg: Palazzo del Gran Duca. of the Great Dukes, Built not above 30. years agoe, and has a piazza before it. PALAZZO GAETANI, Is a large and noble Note in marg: Palazzo Gaetani. Pallace; the Architecture of Bartolomeo Amanati. PALAZZO della CANCELLERIA Is a very Note in marg: Palazzo della Cancelleria. Can|celleria. great Pallace, Built of the Stones fetcht from the Am|phitheatre, as were those of Farnese and St. Marks, is the Architecture of Bramante, and the Habitation of Cardinal Barberine the English Protector: In the Court stand two Gigantick Figures, representing two Muses. View document image [39] containing page [74] Document Images PALAZZO CAPO di FERRO Is the Architecture Note in marg: Palazzo Capo di ferro. of Giulio Mazzoni, very much adorn'd with Festons, Statues, Bassicilievi, &c. Within 'tis yet finer, having many Statues and Pictures; of the first, in the Hall, is one of Pompey bigger than the Life, much esteem'd, the next Room painted by Mich. Angelo; others by Volterra, Piamentino, &c. The Garden has two fine Fountains, Orange-Trees, &c. PALAZZO MUTI Is a little Pallace with Statues Note in marg: Palazzo Muti. on the top of it, possest by the Heirs of Mutius Scevola, it being anciently his Habitation. PALAZZO GIUSTINIANO Is the Architecture Note in marg: Palazzo Giustiniano of Gio Fontana, A Pallace well stor'd with Statues, being so full that it seems a Ware-house of them, and amongst the croud, is one of a Goat, as if alive, that of Dea Natura, of Lelia and the Swan, by Bernino, A Muse, a Sibel, &c. has some Pictures also of Titian. PALAZZO ALTIERI Is of the present Popes Note in marg: Palazzo Altieri. Al|tieri. Family, now Building a mighty addition to it for his Nephew. PALAZZO ALTEMPS, In which are divers Sta|tues Note in marg: Palazzo Altemps. and Pictures, one of the last, by Raphael, of the Virgin, worth 5000. Pistols, and a rare Bassorilievo, of the Triumph of Bacchus. 2. PALLAZZI MATEI, Have in them several Sta|tues Note in marg: 2. Palazzi Matei. and Paintings. PALAZZO FALCONIERI Is the Architecture Note in marg: Palazzo Falconieri. of Borromine: Within, it has divers Statues and ex|cellent Pictures, a Garden of fine Fountains, and the Tyber running by the end of it. PALAZZO LANCELLOTTI, Has a good Note in marg: Palazzo Lancellotti. Collection of Statues and Pictures: The Architecture of Maderni. View document image [39] containing page [75] Document Images PALAZZO VEROSPI Is the Architecture of Ho|norio Note in marg: Palazzo Verospi. Lunghi: In this Pallace is a very fine Collection also of Statues and Pictures. PALAZZO RIARI Is Inhabited by the Queen of Note in marg: Palazzo Riari. Sweden, in which are several noble Rooms, as that wherein every Tuesday the choicest Voyces and Musick of Rome is heard; but some principally furnish'd with excellent Pictures of Carreggio, Carraccio, Paolo Veronese, a Venus by Titian, and that admired little Picture of our Lady, with our Saviour in her Hand, and St. John kissing him, by Raphael, and cost 10000. Crowns; her Hangings the design of Vandike, and her vast Silver Flower-pots upon Pedestals of the same, are very fine too. PALAZZO SAVELLI Is Built on the Ruins of Note in marg: Palazzo Savelli. Sa|velli. the Theatre of Marcellus and Semcircular like it. PALAZZO ALDOBRANDINI, Has seve|ral Note in marg: Palazzo Aldobrandine. Aldobran|dine. excellent Statues and Pictures; and in the Gar|den (which is very delightful by iis Prospect, Orange-Trees, Mirtles, Fountains, &c.) is an ancient Picture of a Marriage made in the time of the old Romans, which is much valued for its rarity, there being but only that in Rome. PALAZZO MAZZARINI, Has before it a ve|ry Note in marg: Palazzo Mazzarini. spacious Court, and in the Garden the Picture of Aurora, by Guido Rheni. PALAZZO SALVIATI Is the Architecture of Note in marg: Palazzo Salviati. Lippi, Built on purpose to Lodge a King of France in. VILLA del G. DUCA Is the great Duke's Pal|lace Note in marg: Villa del G. Duca. on Monte Trinita; from whence it has an incom|parable Prospect of all Rome, and the Country about it; before it is a very fine marble Fountain; and in the Balcony of the second story, is another: In the View document image [40] containing page [76] Document Images Rooms, besides many excellent Statues, are these ad|mired ones; The Venus made by Cleomenes, Son of Apolidorus, esteem'd the best in the World, the Wrestlers, and the Clown listning to Catalines Con|spiracy are not to be equal'd, nor that of the Gladia|ator threatning Heaven, besides divers Heads upon curious marble Pillars, &c. In the Garden, which is vast, are likewise noble Fountains and Statues; at the entrance, two great white marble Lyons which stand as Guards; a Silenus in Brass, holding a young Bacchus in his Arms, and many others; an Obelisk with Hie|rogliphicks, Walks lin'd with Orange-Trees, Groves of Elci, &c. So much Beauty and Pleasure, that nothing can be added. VILLA BURGHESI Has the approaches to it by fine Walks, through a delicate little Park, full of tall young Trees, most Elci, which are always green, and stor'd with variety of Deer; on one side of it pleasant Gar|dens, Note in marg: Villa Burghesi. Burg|hesi. with all sorts of Fountains, Grotta's, Vollerys, &c. close Walks, with water convey'd through the boughs, which all the way drops like Rain, to coole them; on the other side, at some distance, Canals and Fish-ponds; behind it principally, but indeed every way an incom|parable Prospect: The Pallace it self Crusted with rare pieces of Bassirilievi, and a great many Porphry Fi|gures stand like Centinels about it: Within, 'tis fill'd with Statues, Pictures, and other Curiosities in too great number to be remembred; but some of the principal are, that of Diana which was Worship'd by Augustus Cesar, the Gladiator, original of that in St. James's-Park, the Apollo and Daphne turning into a Lawrel-Tree of Caure Bernini, the best he ever made; David with his Sling, by the same hand; the Hermaphrodite, or Iside, that turns in her sleep to a man, lying upon a View document image [40] containing page [77] Document Images Quilt, which is so natural, that there's none but mis|takes it; the Heads of Hannibal and Scipio; eight rarely pollish'd Pillars of Porphry, with little Statues on them, two of green marble, and two of Pido|echio; a Seneca of Touch-stone, coming out of an Affrican Bath; a red Woolf with Romulus and Re|nuus at her Paps; a Head of Alexander the Great; Eneas with his Father on his Back, and his Son in his Hand, by Bernino also; four more Porphrey Pil|lars, with Urns of the same; the Statue of Agrippina, and the Gladiator her Lover, both Ancient; a Silenus excellent also; a Cup of a petrifi'd Moucheron, which to the eye is still the same; and a Chair that locks them fast that sit in it, whose opening bottom gives leave to treat Woman or Boy at pleasure. VILLA PANFILLIA Stands high, has an excel|lent Note in marg: Villa Panfillia. Pan|fillia. Prospect, Gardens, Grotta's, Statues, and Urns, some fine Fountains, and many large Walks in and a|bout the Park; Has within, many Statues and Pictures, as those of St. Peter and St. Paul, by Mich. Angelo; of the former, the best is the Angel wrestling with Jacob. VILLA MATEI: Has fine Gardens, VVa|ter-works Note in marg: Villa Matei and Prospect; in the Pallace and Sum|mer-House these excellent Statues, Apollo fleaing Mar|sius, three Cupids asleep with their Heads laid upon each other; Andromeda; an ancient Head of Cicero an Amazon, Cleopatra, Hercules, a Gigantick An|toninus, Brutus and Porcia, &c. rare Jasper Tables and marble Pillars. VILLA LUDOVISA Has a Scituation as fine as Note in marg: Villa Ludovisa. Ludo|visa. the others, great Gardens, noble shady Walks, Grotta's, Fountains, &c. and two Pallaces, on each side one, wherein there are Pictures of Titian, Mich. Angelo; View document image [41] containing page [78] Document Images Caraccio, Guido, Rheni, &c. Two Statues of Apollo, a rare one of a dying Gladiator, the Porphry Oracle that spoke; three excellent heads of Scipio, Affricanus, Seneca, and Cicero; and among the rest, the real Body of a Man turn'd to Stone, so hard and perfect, that to satisfie Charles the 5th. of the truth of it, they broke one of his Legs, where the bone under the petri|fi'd flesh plainly appears; besides other Curiosities, there is a Bedstead valued at 100000. Crowns, the Posts of Oriental Jasper, the Head, Teaster, &c. set with pre|cious stones; the Walls within the Pallace plaister'd with marble, beaten to powder, which afterwards be|comes as hard and smooth as at first. VILLA MONTALTA Has a Garden not inferior Note in marg: Villa Montalta. Mon|talta. to any in Rome, has excellent walks, admirable Water|works, Trees, Fountains, &c. In the House several Statues and Pictures, as that of David and Goliah, where you may see their Back-sides too; the Ariadne and Bacco, by Guido Rheni; the Busto of Caius Ma|rius; a Picture which one way seems a bunch of herbs, and turn'd and held another way, is the face of a man, a piece of Mosaick Land-skip, several Urns, &c. VILLA FARNESE: Is a Garden on part of Monte Note in marg: Villa Farnese. Far|nese. Palatino, wherein there are pleasant Walks, Fountains, and Prospect. PUBLIQUE FOUNTAINES Are those two noble Note in marg: Publique Fountains. ones in Piazza Vaticana, by Caure. Maderno. That great one on Monte Gianicolo, that discharges five Rivelets, brought by Aquaduct from Bracciano, by Paolo 5°. the Architecture of Gio. Fontana. That before St. Pietro Montorio, by the same Ar|chitect. That of Sisto 5o. on Monte Viminale, issuing in three great branches adorn'd with Statues of Aaron, &c. by Domenico Fontana. View document image [41] containing page [79] Document Images That in Piazza Barberina, by Caure. Bernino. That in Piazza del Popolo, by Domenico Fon|tana. That in Piazza di Spagna, in the form of a Ship, discharging a vast quantity of water, by Bernino too. That in Piazza di Monta Cavallo, by Domenico Fontana. The Quatro Fontana, with Figures in cumbent po|stures, by Pietro di Cortona. That in Piazza di Sa. Maria Maggiore, by Carlo Maderno. That in Piazza di S. Giovanni Latterano, by Do|menico Fontana. That in Piazza di Madonna de'Monti, by Giacomo della Porta. That in Campidoglia, with the Statues of Nilus', Tigris, and Rome, by Mich. Angelo. That in Piazza di Muti, by Giacomo della Porta. That in Piazza Giudea, by the same Architect. That in Piazza di Sa. Maria in Trastevere, by Gio Fontana. That by Ponte Sisto, which falls in great quantity from on high, like a Cascade, by Dom. Fontana. The two in Piazza Farnese, by Giralomo Rai|naldi. That in Piazza Mattei, by Giacomo della Porta. That in Piazza Colonna, by the same. The great one at Monte Citorio, by Francesco da Volterra. That in Piazza della Rotonda, by Giacomo della Porta. That del Duca di Bracciano, by Antonio Casoni. That in Piazza Scossa Cavalli, by Carlo Maderno. View document image [42] containing page [80] Document Images That del Aqua Acetosa, by Caure. Bernino. That in Piazza Navona, with Neptune and the Sea-gods, by the same. That famous one under the Guglia, in the same Piazza, with the Statues of the four quarters of the World, a Sea-Horse, &c. by the same Architect. That unfinish'd one of Trevi, which discharges three Rivelets. The Capital stands on an Agreeable Hill of Note in marg: Campidoglio. Campido|glio. about 120. steps ascent; on each hand are the Tri|umphs of Marius, and the two great Statues, and Horses of Constantine, or as some say, of Castor and Pollux; in the mid'st of the Corile, or Piazza, is the famous Statue of Marcus Aurelius, some think of Lucius Verus, others of Constantine on Horse-back, plac'd upon a Pedestal, made by Mich. Angelo, who admired this Figure so, that he ask'd this Brazen Horse why he did not goe, so like it is to Nature: On one side of it, is Rupes Tarpeia, not high enough now to break any mans neck; and in the Front is the Pallace of the Senators, built on the Ruins of the former; a|gainst the face of the Stairs is a rare Fountain, and close at each end (but dis-joynd) the two Wings, or Pallaces of the Conservatori, design'd by Mich. Angelo, supported with Pillars in Porticos; and on the flat tops of all the three Structures, Statues set in equal distance: In the inward Court of one of these, in white marble, are the measures of the ancient Romans, as their Canna, Palmo, &c. of Corn, Oyle, &c. The Pillar which stood in the Foro, from which they counted their miles to any place, the Colonna Rostrata, in memory of their Victory against the Carthaginians; the Statues of Julius and Augustus Cesar; the broken white mar|ble Colossus of Apollo, whose Toe I measured, is thicker View document image [42] containing page [81] Document Images than my middle; the head and hand of that of Como|dus, not much less than the former; the admired Sta|tue of the Lyon tearing the Horse; the Rape of the Sabines in Bassirilievi, the Tryumphs Sacrifices, &c. of Marcus Aurelius in Mezzo Relievo; the little Idol like a Monkey, taken from the Pantheon, and the an|cient Roman Laws, in Brass: In the Rooms is painted in Fresco the Rape of the Sabines, Hannibal, and Scipio, Cocles on the Bridge; the Horatij and the Curatij; that of Brutus, commanding the death of his Son; Mutius Scevola with his hand in the Torch, by Perugino: The Statues in Brass of young Hercules, once worship'd in his Temple on the Aventine Hill of Caius Marius, of Junius Brutus; that rare one of the Boy picking the Thorn out of his foot; that the Woolf with Romulus and Remus; the Heads in mar|ble of Socrates, Cicero, Virgil, Plato, Diogenes, &c. In the old Pallace the old Statue Marforius, Domitian in Bassorilievo, worship'd like a God; the Statue of Pudicitia, of Alcibiades, of the Woman Cursing Hea|ven for want of a Fortune; an old Hercules, once gilded, with many more Ancient and Modern of Popes, Generals, &c. their marble Calendar, &c. the Roomes painted by Giuglio Romano. Of the infinite number of Temples, and other an Note in marg: Curia Calabria. Cala|bria. tient Buildings, few are now remaining; but the most, in Foro Romano: and on the back-side of the Capitol, is an Architrave, of the Curia Calabria. Near that, is a great part of the Temple of Con|cords Note in marg: Temp. Concord. Con|cord. Portico yet standing, and three delicate Pillars, of some other rare Structure; not certainly known of what. View document image [43] containing page [82] Document Images The Tryumphal Arch of Septimius Severus, Note in marg: Arch. Septim. Sep|tim. Sever. Temp. Saturn. Sa|turn. Temp. Mars Temp. Anton.... of white marble, with his Victories in Bassirilievi. The Temple of Saturn, now a Church. Employd as the former. The Temple of Antoninus Pius, and Diva Faustina his wanton Wife; the Portico of Corinthian Pillars almost perfect still. The Temple of Romulus and Remus, in the Ruins Note in marg: Temp. Rom of which, was found a Map of old Rome, engraven in large marbles. The Temple of Peace, of which three great Note in marg: Temp. Peace. Arches still remain, and was the richest and most beautiful of all the rest, as the white marble Pil|lar does sufficiently testifie on the Pedestal, before Sa. Maria Maggiore. The Ruins of the Foro, of the some Pillars Archi|traves, Note in marg: Foro Nerv. &c. Three Pillars of the Temple of Jupiter Stator. Note in marg: Jup. Stator. Lake Curtius. Cur|tius. Pallace, Palatine. Pa|latine. The Lake of Curtius, now a Common-shoar. The great vast Ruin of the Emperor's Pallace on Monte Palatino, the most pleasant and entire Hill of all the seaven. The ruinous walls of the Circus Maximus, all still remaining, which lined with Seats, held near 200000. Note in marg: Circus Maximus. Max|imus. People. The Temple of Janus Quadrifrous, a square Note in marg: Temp. Janus. Ja|nus. white marble Building, with four Entrances, or Gates. The Arch built to Septimus Severus, and Marcus Note in marg: Arch. Septi. mus Severe, Seve|re, and Marcus Aurelius. Au|relius. Arch... Aurelius, by the Gold-Smiths, whereon is described in Bassorilievo, their Tryumphs Sacrifices, &c. The Arch of Constantine almost perfect still, with some excellent pieces of Bassorilievo on it, taken from other places; the rest detestable. View document image [43] containing page [83] Document Images The Arch of Titus, which was the finest, and Note in marg: Arch. Titus. is the most ancient Architecture of them all, and has still the spoiles of the Temple of Jerusalem in Mez|zorilievo upon it. Part of the Arch of Gallienus, and the like of Gor|dian. Note in marg: Arch Galli. & Gordian. The inward VValls of Vespasians Amphithea|tre, Note in marg: Amphitheatre. Amphithe|atre. and one part of the outward, with Pillars on each side of every Niche, four degrees high, one over another, and a part of the Meta Sudans by it. Antoninus his Baths, a Ruin wherein there are four Note in marg: Therme Antoninus An|toninus Caracalla. Ca|racalla. places large as Westminster-Hall, besides divers less, nothing speaking more the greatness of the Romans than these prodigious Baths, of which the Pillars were all of Oriental Granite, as appears by those two in the great Dukes possession at Florence. On Monte Aventino are also many broken walls, Note in marg: Monte Aventino. A|ventino. pieces of ancient Temples, &c. not now distinguish|able. The most entire of all the Baths, is that of Note in marg: Therme Diocletian. Di|ocletian. Dioclesian; part of the great Arch'd Roof perfect still, and many of the Pillars which are all of a piece, re|maining too. Are seaven great Archt places under ground, Note in marg: Sette Sale. said to be made by Dioclesian also, for the same use. The Bathes of Constantine very much ruin'd. Note in marg: Therme Constantine Castello d'aqua d'a|qua Giulia. The Ruins of a Structure that serv'd to distribute the water into the City, brought thither by the Aqua|ducts. In the walls of Rome stands the fine entire white marble Piramid of Cestius, one of the Epuloni, and Note in marg: Piramid C. Cestius. within it were some Statues, but now wall'd up. View document image [44] containing page [84] Document Images Is a great hill, made of the broken pots thrown Note in marg: Monte Testaccio. Te|staccio. there in the old Romans time. Is still remaining, now called by St. Paul's name. Note in marg: Porta Trigemmini. Tri|gemmini. Porta Maggiore. Mag|giore. Temp. Sun. And the Aquaduct joyning to it, with all its Inscription perfect still. On the Quirinal Hill is the Ruins of a Temple of the Sun, and near the Temple of Peace, another also of the Moon. A little round Fabrick, built on white marble Pillars, Note in marg: Temp. Vesta. now a Church. Is another little Temple, plac'd where Romulus and Remus was found. Note in marg: Temp. Romul. Ro|mul. Of the same figure with the two former, and Note in marg: Temp. Bacchus. Bac|chus. in all respects perfect still. Is a place wall'd in of about 450. yards long for Note in marg: Circus Caracalla. Ca|racalla. Games and Exercises; in the midst, it had two of those obelisks now erected in the City, and on one side of it, is the Ruins of a Temple of Mars. Is a Tower of about eight or ten yards thick, Cased Note in marg: Moles Mettella. Met|tella. with white Marble, where Crassus, her rich Husband, placed her Ashes, called Capo di Bave, from such Heads on the Corniche. A place with ruin'd Walls of a great compass, where Note in marg: Pretorium. the Pretorian Bands did Quarter. What is now call'd Caffarelli, was anciently the Note in marg: Caffarelli. Fountains of Egeria, Auma, Pompillius his Deity, to whom in imitation of Moses, he went to receive Laws, Divine and Moral, for the People. 'Tis a long Archt Grotta, under a Hill, and at the further end, a mar|ble Figure lying along, leaning upon her hand, and water from three places over it perpetually running; formerly there was a thick Wood before it. View document image [44] containing page [85] Document Images The Ruins of the Temples of Mars, Venus, and Note in marg: Temp. Venus. Ve|nus. Cupid, are yet to be seen, and secret passages under ground to every one of them. The Pillar is still in the Foro, on which Domitian's Note in marg: Colonna Domitiano. Statue stood, and was ador'd. The Common-shoar to old Rome is lined with Free Note in marg: Cloaca Maxima. Temp. Alba Dea. stone, and so large, that a Cart might pass in it. The little round Temple of Alba Dea, now a little Church. Enough of the Erarium is now remaining too, to Note in marg: Erarium. shew how strong and great a Fabrick the ancient Ro|mans had for their Armes and Treasure; 'tis built alla Rustica, like the great Dukes Pallace. The old Bridge Aurellius, with some Repairs, is still Note in marg: Pont Aurelius. Aure|lius. in being, now called Ponte Sisto. The Colonna is of white marble, one hundred and sea|venty-three Note in marg: Colonna Traiana. foot high; about it is described in rare Basso|rilievo, that Emperors Wars, Victories, &c. The Colonna Antonina has been injur'd by the Fire, Note in marg: Colonna Antonina. is 175. foot high, and adorn'd as the other; near it are Eleaven Corinthian Pillars, part of the Portico of that Emperors Pallace. The Theatre of Marcellus would have contain'd 80000. Note in marg: Theatre Marcellus. persons; the Walls still so good, that 'tis now made a Pallace by Sigre. Savelli. The Panteon, A round Temple, By Agrippa De|dicated Note in marg: Pantheon. to the Mother of the Gods, and all the Gods is perfect still, all but for its Cover of Corinthian Brass, of which Urban the 8th. Rob'd it; on the Architrave is this Inscription, M. Agrippa, L. F. Cos. tertium fecit; within, 'tis white marble, roof and sides, the Pavement the same, and Porphry; has no Window but that in the middle of the Roof; its heighth is its breadth, which is 144. foot. The Portico has all its Pillars still View document image [45] containing page [86] Document Images remaining, which are of Granite, of one entire piece, 53. foot high, 61. Diameter, and best of the Corinthian order, the door also (which is all cut out of one stone) is as tall as the Pillars, the door it self fac'd with brass. The Mausoleum Augusti is round; at the en|trance Note in marg: Mausoleum Augusti. two ancient Statues, and a Head over the door; within, it has three stories one over another, covered with Earth, now Gardens, and in the Circumference a low Building, like a Vault, for the Ashes of the Em|perors. That of Adriani, Now Castel Angelo (because Note in marg: Moles Adriani. Adri|ani. an Angel was seen upon it) was of the same form and use, before it was made a Castle: It has now five Bastions, a Garrison in it, and may resist an Enemy a little while: Here the Pope keeps his Triple Crown and Money; and from the Vatican hither, is a Corridore, by which his Holiness may escape from danger. By it is the marble Bridge Elius, now called St. An|gelo Note in marg: Pons Elius. too, with the 12. fine new Statues upon it, An|gels, holding every one something relating to our Sa|viours Passion, as the Cross, Spear, Spunge, Nailes, Hammer, Crown, &c. In the River by it, are some of the Piles and broa|ken Note in marg: Tryumph Bridge. Arches remaining of the Tryumphal Bridge. The Guglio Vaticana is of one entire piece, and on the Note in marg: Obelisco Vaticano. top of it, part of the true Cross of our Saviour plac'd; on the side of this Obelisk are these words, Divi Cesari, Divi Julij F. Augusti Tiberio Cesari D. Aug. F. Au|gusto Sacrum. The biggest of the Obelisks is that before St. John Note in marg: Aguglia Laterana. La|terana. Lateran, which is 112. foot long, besides the Basiis, has this and another Inscription to the same purpose; Fl. Constantinus Aug. Constantini Aug. F. Obeliscum a paret loco suo motum diuque Alexandriae jacentem View document image [45] containing page [87] Document Images trecentorum remigium impositum Navi mirande va|stitatis per mare Tiberimque magnus molibus Ro|mam convenctum in Circo Max ponendum S. P. Q. R. D. D. The Guglia before Madna. del Popolo is 88. foot Note in marg: Aguglia alla Madonna del Popolo. long, and upon it, this Inscription, Imp Cesar Divi F. Aug. Pont Max. Imp. 12. Cos. 11. Pot. 14. E|gipto in Potestatum Populi Romani redacta soli Do|mum dedit. That before Sta. Maria Maggiore is 42. foot high, Note in marg: Aguglia di Sa. Maria Maggiore. Obeli co Mahuto. and taken from the Mausoleum of Augustus. That of St. Mahuto is full of Hierogliphicks, named after a Brittish Bishop that lived in this place above a 1000. years agoe. In the Great Dukes Garden is a Guglia full of Hie|rogliphicks Note in marg: Obelifco di Medici. too: Such another in the Garden of Matei, and another mounted upon the back of an Elephant in the Piazza Minerva. The Government and Court of Rome altogether con|sists Note in marg: Court and Government. Govern|ment. of Church-men, and except in that and greatness, differs but little from other Courts, the Officers being much the same, whose several Charges do make a Vol|lum; but what is most observable to a Stranger, is The Colledge of 70. Cardinals, of which six are Bi|shops, Note in marg: Colledge of Cardinals. 50. Priests, and 14. Deacons, who sit in the next Room to his Holiness (on red Benches) like the House of Lords, teaching Spiritual matters. The Governor of Rome, and the Judges, under him, Note in marg: Governor. in Civil and Criminal, who upon any Suit or Com|plaint, cite both Parties, and presently determine it; the whole expence not amounting to one single Fee, to drowsie Lawyers given here for Non-sence. View document image [46] containing page [88] Document Images The Cardinal Padrone, a great Minister, applyed to Note in marg: Card. Padrone. Pa|drone. on all occasions, and courted by every one, as Favou|rites usually are. The Captain, or General of the Popes little Army, Note in marg: General. which is more or less, sometimes two, three, and now but a 1000. men in Rome, part Italians, part Ger|mans, except 300. Swizzers, who are Guards to his Holinesses person; and 200. light Horse-men, who serve for the same purpose. The Militia which his Holiness can command upon Note in marg: Militia and Galleys. any suddain occasion, are but 80000. men, nor has he more than five Galleys, which are in port at Civita Vecchia. The Traffick of the State of the Church, consists in Note in marg: Traffick. Oyl, Allum, Silk, and Corn; of which last, they have great quantities, and would have four times more, were all the Campagna Till'd. View document image [46] containing page [89] Document Images Duccats. The certain Revenue of the Church Note in marg: Revenue. is yearly 2600000 Doganadi di Roma 375000 Appalto di Tabacco Note in marg: Thus 14000 Appalto di Fieno Paglia, &c. 24000 Appalto della Carta e Cera 26000 Appalto del Sapone 10000 Tesoreria della Romagna 233000 Tesoreria della Marca 250000 Tesoreria di Perugia ed Umbria 108250 Tesoreria di Ferrare 34000 Tesoreria di Bologna 18000 Maritima e Campagna 22000 Provincia del Patrimonio 52000 Stati di Castro e Ronciglione 50000 Salare e Polveriere 30000 Lumiere 29000 Posta 34000 Tesoreria d'Urbino 20000 Dateria 350000 Assegnamenti deviersi 880250 The Religion, (allowing the change of Names, and Note in marg: Religion. some few Ceremonies) is the same with that of the an|cient Romans, as appears by Antiquities of Bassirilievi, Medailles, Histories, &c. For as these, they had their Pope in the person of a Soveraign, (Cezar Imperator, Pontifex Maximus) who had the charge, and was the only Interpreter of all Divine things, did order and decree what Altars, to what Gods, what days, and in what Temples they should Sacrifice: The care to keep out Heresies and Ceremonies; had a peculiar habit and a Miter, not unlike those now worne; were ador'd, at their Deaths, new ones chosen, by petty Popes or Car|dinals, had Flamines, Arch-Flamines, and Proto-Flamines, as Bishops, Arch-Bishaps, and Patriarchs; wrought Miracles, Canoniz'd Saints, did Dedicate Tem|ples to them, made Images in memory of them, and Worshipped them, as they now do; some of which Sta|tues could speak too, as well as several of the Modern; had Convents and Colledges of several Orders; had Nuns and Abbess, whose Rules were much the same with the present Monasteries; kept a Jubilee, had Processions, as that of the Virgin, Mother of the Gods, whose Image, with divers others, and particularly that of Jupiter (on his Festival) was carried through all the Streets with great Pomp, as now is seen in the Feast of Ged every year; made Holy-water, and plac'd it at the entrance of their Temples; us'd Wine, and View document image [47] containing page [90] Document Images an Ostia, or Wafer made of Flowre, Salt, and Water, both which the Priest tasted before he put them on the Sacrifice; kept Fasts, burnt Incence, gave Almes, &c. Priest confest before Sacrifice, had Musick and Singing-Boys; wore Surplices, had their Heads shav'd; turn'd their Faces to the East, and had very near all the same Gestures in their Devotions, and they and their Bene|fices depended absolutely on the will of the Pope. FRESCATI Is a pleasant little Town, about 12. Note in marg: Frescati. miles from Rome, Scituate upon the side of a Hill which has the Prospect of all the Compagna; on the highest parts at considerable distance; are three Villa's, which besides other delights, of shady walks, &c. are incompa|rable for their Water-works. That of the Belvedere, has a River brought six Note in marg: Belvedere. miles, which tumbles down in Cascata's, and other in|finit forms seaven several times; the side of the Hill be|ing cut into so many ascents and plains; three of these Fountains are met in so many several Stories, before the Pallace, and the other four in the same manner a|bove it; two of the uppermost being rustick, with great store of Trees, are of all the rest, the most agreeable; but from that call'd the Theatre (which is a sumptuous wall with Balustres and Statues on the top, and Niches for those of Atlas, Polyphemus, Hercules, &c. on the sides) is imitated Rain, Hail, Snow, and Thunder, which may be heard four miles; and the same water makes Organs play, Horns winde; and in a Room, called the Hall of Apollo, he with all his Muses, on Mont Barnassus, joyn in Concert. That of Ludovisa has many of the same Ornaments Note in marg: Villa Ludovisia. Ludo|visia. and Fountains; & amongst the rest, in a thick Grove of Trees, a noble Bason enclos'd with marble Balustres; out of every Rail of which, runs a thread of Water, View document image [47] containing page [91] Document Images besides the great one in the mid'st, and lesser about it. Much bigger, and of more State than either of the Note in marg: Villa Montedragoni. Mon|tedragoni. former; is that of Montedragoni, has the same Pro|spects, such like Water works, fine Gardens, Fountains, a Park, &c. The approaches to it, through long walks set with Lawrel-Trees and Hedges. TIVOLI Stands yet higher than Frescati, and a Note in marg: Tivoli. little further from Rome, but has the Prospect of it, and the Compagna beyond it: Here is the Grand Cas|cata, or Cattaract of the River Aniene, or Teverone, which falls with that Violence that it makes a Mist for a great distance round about; on the corner of a Hill by it, is the Ruins of a Temple, wherein Sibilla Ti|burtina was ador'd, and under it the Grotta where she lived. Here also is the Pallace and famous Garden belong|ing Note in marg: Villa d'Este now to the Duke of Modena, which is larger, has better Prospect, more Fountains, greater Variety of Water-works, Grotta's, &c. than any other Villa what|soever, besides the Models it has of old Rome, where are most of the Temples and publick Buildings, accor|ding to their ancient Figures. In the Rode to it, runs the little stinking Nitrous Note in marg: River Albula. Al|bula. River Albula, which though not much bigger than New-River, is yet sufficient to Poyson a Country. About Twelve miles from Rome, is a Sum|mer Note in marg: Castel Gandolfo. Gan|dolfo. House of the Popes, but has nothing but its Scitua|tion considerable; stands on a Hill, has a Lake like a great Fish-pond by it, and a View of Rome before it. VELETRI Is a little pretty Town; in it is the Note in marg: Veletri. Statue of Urban the 8th. and the Pallace and large Single illegible letterarden of Ginetti; the Walks all set with Lawrel-Hedges, View document image [48] containing page [92] Document Images and in them Lawrel-Trees which look with great round tops, and streight Stocks, like Orange-Trees: In the the most shady parts there are some thicker than my middle, and tall as Elmes, and being on the side of a Hill, has a fine Prospect of the Campagna. TARACINA Has nothing now remarkable but the Note in marg: Taracina. Ruins of an old Temple. FUNDI Is the first Town in the Kingdom of Na|ples, Note in marg: Fundi. and having been since the time of the Ro|mans burnt, has nothing in it more worth No|tice. MOLA Is a little Town by the Sea side, where Note in marg: Mola. Cicero had a Villa, and his several Grotta's, with Fountains in the sollid Rock, divers Archt Vaults, with his place of Burial, are still remaining, the Garden close by the Sea, and now full of tall Orange-Trees. GAETA Is a little Town and Castle on a Pro|montary Note in marg: Gaeta. that stands in the Sea, joynd to main Land, only by a little neck: Here is kept the body of the fa|mous Bourbon, and is shown the Rock that split at our Saviour's Passion. In the open Fields, without any House, or other Note in marg: Amphitheatre. Amphithe|atre. Ruine than of an Aquaduct, stands the remains of an Amphitheatre, near a fine River, which was anciently the Scituation of the Town Minturna: Here an open fertile Country begins to show it self, the way from Rome, thus far being full of Hills, with (nevertheless) some fruitful Valleys, and those Mountains cover'd with Figgs, Olives, Orange-Trees, Sage, Rosemary, &c. CAPUA Is a little insignificant Town, and two Note in marg: Capua. miles distant now from the place where that great City stood, of which there is no other remains, but the Ru|ins of an Amphitheatre, and some pieces of such other View document image [48] containing page [93] Document Images publique Structures; here is the entrance on the Cam|pagna felice, which all the way to Naples, is a Gar|den, something like Lombardy, but in all respects, finer. NAPLES Has one end next the Mediterranean, Note in marg: Naples. like a Crescent, as Genoa's middle stands, and the rest of it oblong backward from it: Beyond the little neck of Sea is Mont Vesuvius, and a range of some other barren Mountains; behind it a Semicircle of fruitful Hills; and on the other side, the delicious Campagna: The Houses in general are well built, of Stone, high, well-glaz'd, and flat-roof'd, to walk upon; the Streets admirably paved, and some of them very large; has some very great Piazza's, many Pallaces, fine Gardens, Fountains, and the best Churches of any City in the World. On a Hill that over-looks it, is the Castle of St. Ermo, Note in marg: Castel St. Ermo. cut out of the solid Rock into that form. Near that is the rare Carthusian Monastery, which Note in marg: Carthusian Monastery. has a Prospect as good, if not better than Greenwich: The Town, the Sea, the Country, Islands, and Pro|montories, at a very great distance; the Cloister is of white polish'd Marble, with Pillars and Balustres of the same; and in the mid'st of the Quadrangle, Hedges of Oranges, &c. The Church, Chappels, and Sacristy, are yet much finer, being not only Marble, but richly gilded and painted; the Floors admirably paved with squares of white and red, and the great quantity and great pieces of Plate as remarkable as the rest. St. Paolo was anciently ths Temple of Castor and Note in marg: St. Paolo. Pollux, as the noble Portico, great Pillars, Archi|trave, &c. with the Greek Inscription, still remaining, showes: 'Tis now Dedicate to St. Peter and St. Paul, under whose Statues lies two Truncks, which they make View document image [49] containing page [94] Document Images the Vulgar believe, were the Statues of the first Pa|trons, and that the Voyces of these Apostles made them to tumble down; the Walls and Pillars of this Church are cover'd with Silver Vewes; the Roof rarely painted and gilded. The Anunciata is very stately, the Roof, Cupola, &c. Note in marg: Anunciata. painted and gilded as the former: In the Treasury are vast Figures, Vessels, &c. of Silver. In the Sacristy they show the two Infants of Bethlemme, with their Wounds, &c. Adjoyning is the great and well-endow'd Hospital which maintains near 3000. Poor. The Jesuits is a noble Structure; the best of the Or|der, Note in marg: Il Giesu S. Maria Nuova Olivietani, Oli|vietani, &c. fine and rich in all respects as the others; so is that of Sa. Maria Nuova, that of the Olivietani, and several more in general excelling the Churches in Rome: In that of the Dominicans is the famous Crucifix that spoke to Thomas Aquinus; and in the fine Chappel in the Duomo, is kept S. Gennaro's Blood, which boyls when brought near his Head; and in that of S. Ma|ria del Parto, the Tomb of Sannazarius, once his House. The Vice-Kings Pallace is of Stone, and stately; Note in marg: Palazzo del Vice Re. the Front very large, supported with Pillars, and has a noble Piazza before it, from whence to the Mole is an admirable descent for Coaches, like a winding-Stair-case. The Garden of di Vico has an excellent Prospect, Note in marg: Giardino del Marchese Mar|chese di Vico. Vi|co. abundance of fine Fountains, and other Water works; and being on the side of a Hill, is so prettily contrived, that there are Gardens like Rooms, one over another, for three or four Stories: Besides these, there are ma|ny other Pallaces and Villa's, as that Royal one of Pog|gio Reale, of Pietrabianca, &c. View document image [49] containing page [95] Document Images Virgils Tomb stands likewise in a Garden on the side Note in marg: Sepolechro di Virgillio. of a Hill, and on the top of it, grows a Lawrel, which though ill us'd by curious Strangers, yet flourishes: on a Wall by it, is this Epitaph. Qui Cineres Tumulo hec Vestigia conditur olim, Ille hoc qui cecinit pascua, rura, duces. They here also say he had a House, and show a little stone Seat, enclos'd like a Closet, with an excellent Prospect, where he writ his Georgicks. The Mole lies like a bended Arm into the Sea, and Note in marg: Il Molo. being very large, there they goe in the Evenings to take the Fresco: At the further end of it is the Pharo's; by the side of it, the Castle Nuovo; and on a Rock in the Sea, the Casile Uovo. The great Market place is large, at least as Smith|field, Note in marg: Il Mercato. stor'd with admirable Provisions of all kinds; but the Pork, Bacon, and Pidgeons so extraordinary, that they seem quite different meats from ours. Their Fruits, Limonades, Creams, Sherbets, Wines, &c. and the Cheapness of them all, deserves no less to be ad|mired and prais'd, In this Piazza, like the place a|bove said are their Gallowes and Executions. Vesuvius is about nine miles from Naples, but by Note in marg: Monte Vesuvio. Ve|suvio. its great heighth, appears very near; the way to it, is all cover'd with Stones burnt into Cinders of all sizes; the Hill it self very steep, cloath'd in Ashes; the sharp top blown away, and a round hole in it, esteem'd a mile wide, which is very deep, but of an equal bore; the sides of it is Rock, the bottom a perfect flat, except the very middle, where it perpetually smoaks, and by its venting there, has rais'd a little Hill, the upper part of which is tipt with Sulphur. View document image [50] containing page [96] Document Images Behind Naples is a passage cut through a Mountain, Note in marg: Pausilippo. large enough for two Carts to pass, long at least as the Maille in St. James's Park, and very high, by which means it is not very dark, the light striking in at each end, a great way; and in the middle of it is a Lamp that hangs there for the Virgins sake, who has our Saviour in her Lap. The Grotta del Cane, is a little place cut in the Note in marg: Grotta del Cane. side of a Hill, where there breaths out from the ground a Vapour of that malignity, that in a moment it kills a Dogg, if his head be held low to it; and they usu|ally throw him into the Lake Agnano, close by, which they say revives them again; but if they hold them too long in the Grott, they'l be mistaken, witness a Dog that follow'd me from Rome. A Torch held in the same manner, will instantly go out; and in this ex|periment is seen its force, for hold high, it burns as at other times; but lower and lower, blewer and blewer, till it extinguish; 'Tis kept lockt, least some silly Ani|mal should go into it for shelter, as once a Pilgrim did, and died. The Solfatara has Hills round it, and seems to be a Note in marg: Solfatara. place where a Mountain once stood; the ground is very hot, sounds hollow, and in divers places the Sulphureous smoak issues with great noise and violence: They make Cups and Pots of the Earth, which are us'd Physically, and gather great quantities of Sal-Armoniack, Nitre, Vitriol, and other preparations, from this natural La|bratory. As anciently, so it is still believed to be the mouth of Hell; the Fathers Capucins just by it, hear|ing oft Sighs and Groans of Souls in pain, and some|times see them in the shape of Birds with humane faces, come out thence to aire themselves, with a great black Keeper, like a Raven with them; at whose View document image [50] containing page [97] Document Images dreadful Croaks they all plunge into the fire a|gain. Close by the little arm of Sea, of 3. miles and Note in marg: Puzzuolo, and Baia. a half broad, stands Puzzuolo, now a wretched poor place; and on the other side, the Ruins of Baia, to which Caligula made a Bridge, thirteen of the prodigi|ous Piles and Arches being yet remaining: Of that fa|mous Town, some of the Streets may yet be known, but has nothing left remarkable. Near it are the Elizian Fields, a place of no great Note in marg: Elizium. Bliss, yet would have still been Paradice, had it not lost its Priests. The Piscina Mirabile is a vast Cave, or Cellar, Note in marg: Piscina Mirabile. Mi|rabile. entirely under ground, lined with a plaister as hard as flint, supported with abundance of huge square Pillars, and suppos'd to have been a reserver of Water for the Roman Galleys that lay hard by it, in the Mare Mor|tuum. The Cento Camerelle are a hundred little Grotta's Note in marg: Cento Camerelle. Ca|merelle. in the manner of the former, and for the same pur|pose, though some say, for to keep Slaves in for the use of the Galleys. Of Agrippina's sumptuous Villa, the only entire part Note in marg: Sepolc'r Agrippina. A|grippina. remaining, is her Tomb, which in a dark hole, amongst the Ruins, by Torch-light may be seen. Near that on the Shoer is a Ruin of Cicero's Villa, Note in marg: Villa Cicerone, Cice|rone, Lucullo, Lu|cullo, Palazzo Nerone, Ne|rone,... that of Lucullus; a little further, that of Nero's Pal|lace, and other Buildings; and on a Hill washt by the Sea, the Walls of a modern Castle; not much further, Cicero's Bathes, formerly in great esteem. At a little distance are the hot Bathes cut in a hard Note in marg: Bagni Tritoli. Tri|toli. Rock in several Entrys to Sweat in, which are so warm, that 'tis almost impossible to endure two minutes, at the further end. View document image [51] containing page [98] Document Images By this is the new Mountain, a Hill, esteem'd a Note in marg: Monte Nuovo. Nu|ovo. mile or two in compass, that about 100. years agoe, did rise in one night after, a terrible Earth-quake, and al|most dryed up the Lake Lucrinus. Near the Shoar is a great Ruin of the Temple of Note in marg: Tempio d'Hercole. Hercules, and some remains of the Villa of Hor|tensius. The Sybills Grott is a large passage, cut in a Hill, Note in marg: Grotta di Sibilla. like that of Pausillippus, and formerly a Rode to Cuma, now wall'd up in the middle; about 150. yards with|in it, there is a streight Entry, which leads to di|vers little Rooms of several sizes, the one of which has been adorn'd with Mosaick work, &c. In the fur|thest, there is a Spring of luke-warm water, which makes it suspected that these Chambers were cut for the sake of that; but being so far from light, or air, then what is suffocating, I cannot guess at the use, or the Inhabitant. Just before the entrance into this Grotta, is the Note in marg: Lago Averno. Aver|no. round Lake Avernus; and on the side of it, the Ruins of the Temple to Apollo, which is made an Argument, that the above-said Rooms were the Lodgings of a Si|bill: At a little further distance are several scatter'd Ruins, and in the Hills about it, abundance of Baths and Sweating places, esteem'd good for several Dis|eases; and in the Romans time had Statues there e|rected, that pointed, and Inscriptions that told what part and distemper every Bath was proper for; but the Salernian Physicians growing poor by it, went una|nimously one night and defaced them both. Further on by Cuma is the Lake of Accheron, Note in marg: Palude Accherusia. Ac|cherusia. which now is no more horrid than the former, only its water of worse colour. View document image [51] containing page [99] Document Images The Government of Naples is by a Vice-Roy, whose Note in marg: Government. Govern|ment. Commission is usually for three years, with the allow|ance of 24000. Duccats annually, besides what he fleas off the People: He is assisted by a Privy Coun|cel, two Secretaries of State, and four Doctors of the Law, called Regenti della Cancellaria, which are term'd also his Councellors, and in matters of Impor|tance, are joyned with the former. Of the same de|nomination there are likewise two always residing in the Court of Spain, and sit in the Councel of Italy there, exactly to enform them of the State of Naples; and in these, and all Courts of Justice, at least half of them must be Spaniards. The City is between eight and nine miles in com|pass, Note in marg: Strength. with Bull-works alla moderna, and encloses 300000. Inhabitants, besides Monasteries and Stran|gers; has an Arsenal and five Castles; a Mole and Squadron of seaven Galleys; a Guard of fifty Horse al|ways next the person of the Vice Roy; a hundred Hal|berdiers that Guard in the Pallace; five Troops of light Horse-men, and 4000. Spanish Foot, which are there daily upon Duty likewise, and besides, supply the Castles. The Kingdom is esteem'd to be 1468. miles in com|pass; Note in marg: Garrisons. in all the several Castles of which, and Guards upon the Sea-coasts, there are but 1608. Spanish Foot. The Militia of Horse, called the Battaglione, are deno|minicon Note in marg: Militia. 1020, put into 16. Troops: The Foot of the same 25078. Every 100. Families furnishing five Souldiers, such as their Officers shall approve, which are oblig'd within, or out of the Kingdom, to serve five years, and then to be relieved by others sent in their room; but during the time of such Service, ought to receive the View document image [52] containing page [100] Document Images same pay with the Spanish Foot. Of these, as well as all other Force in the Kindom, the Vice-Roy is Cap|tain-General. The several Provinces have Governors called Primi Note in marg: Governors of Provinces. Provin|ces. Guisticieri, which are allow'd a Guard of twelve Hal|berds, but their Governments last but two years. The Revenue, which before the Rebellion, in 1647. Note in marg: Revenue. was to the Treasury fifteen Carlini a Family, besides all other payments, for the maintenance of the Army, &c. and the free gift that every two years the Parliament in that time made, of 1200000. Duccats, is nuw 42. Carlini a Family, in lieu of all the other payments and gifts. And in lieu of the Excise and Gabels that were upon all sorts of things necessary to life, it was agreed likewise to give the King 300000. Duccats yearly, which is since increas'd 113000. Duccats by an ex|traordinary Imposition on Tabacco, not included in the Covenant, because judg'd a thing not necessary to hu|mane life. The Imposition on the Sheep and Pastu|rage in Apuglia, amounts to 200000. Duccats yearly, And what the King receives in lieu of his Knights Service, or Tenure d'Adogo, 100000. yearly, which is all the certain Revenue the Spaniards have in the Kingdom of Naples. The chief policy in this Government, is the keeping the Nobility at odds, which are so unwise as to be so to the Note in marg: Policy. greatest degree imaginable, not daring any one of them to go 20. miles out of Town, without a Guard of 50. or a hundred Horse, with which they are supply'd for the most part out of the Troops of Banditi, that for this reason are by them supported and protected, every great man having his Squadron of Rogues ready at a little summons to attempt any thing upon his Enemy. The Inquisition, they here, would very fain have as severe View document image [52] containing page [101] Document Images as 'tis in Spain, but the people are always ready to rebel on the least offer at it. The holy Chamber brought by Angels to Loreto, Note in marg: Loreto. has now a Church built over it; before which is a Fountain, and the Statue of Sixtus Quintus; and for yet better security from eyes and hands, is wall'd about with Marble, beautified with Statues of Sibills and Prophets; within 'tis little, the materials brick; has but one Window, and at that the Angel entred when he brought news of the Incarnation; the Furniture is much better, for the Cupboard of Plate they had sent with the House, was only some earthen Vessels; but now it has several of Gold, set with Jewels, besides Sil|ver, Amber, &c. there not being a Prince, nor great Family in Europe, that on the score of some danger or deliverance have not made their presents to it, except the English, who have either been more fortunate, or wiser than the rest. What is of value above all the Riches, is the Virgin with our Saviour in her Arms, made of Cedar, by St. Luke, which came also with the House, and is defended by an Iron-gate: In the Room where they keep their most superfluous Treasure, they show divers rich Gowns, for this Image, which are kept for Holy-days. It has an Apothecaries Shop be|longing to it, for the use of Pilgrims, in which there are some pots that were painted by Raphael Urbin. The next remarkable thing is their Cellar, which is the largest in Italy, stor'd with vast Tuns of excellent Wine; another mark of Peoples Charity. ANCONA Stands upon the Gulph; towards Note in marg: Ancona. Land is defended by a Castle, and has a short Mole into the Sea; the Tryumphal Arch of Trajane, the most remarkable thing. View document image [53] containing page [102] Document Images RIMINI Preserves upon a Pedestal the Stone, that Note in marg: Rimini. Cesar stood on, when he perswaded his Souldiers to march to Rome. FERRARA Stands on a flat, by the noble River Note in marg: Ferrara. Po; has a Cittadel and excellent Walls, with water round them of great breadth: Before the Duomo are two Statues in Brass, of the Family d'Este; and in the Monastery of the Benedictives, the Tomb of Ari|osto; and is such a sort of Town as Parma or Mo|dena. VENICE, The Free-born State which neither A|thens, Note in marg: Venice. Sparta, nor Rome could boast, stands in the Adriatick, upon little Islands, every way two or three Leagues from Land, for which distance the water a|bout it being very shallow, renders it impregnable; the main Sea is kept off by a long natural Bank of twenty or thirty miles, so that the strongest winds are not prejudicial: The body of the City is esteem'd five miles in compass, besides the scatter'd Islands about it; the Houses so close for want of ground, that there are more than in a Town of double that circuit: It is well built, has divers Pallaces, and if inferior to any other Citty in Italy, 'tis in Churches: The Streets have con|venient passage for such as go on Foot, as well as for the Boats, having that admirable Scituation, that one may go to every House in Town by Water or by Land: In the middle of it is the Canal Grande, deep and large, over that, and all the rest, Stone Bridges of one Arch, under which their Gondola's conveniently pass; the number of which are said to be 20000. and in all the little Calle or Land-passages, little Shops well furnished. The Church of St. Mark has a great deal of Mar|ble, Note in marg: S. Marco. both without and within, as the Front, the Pillars, View document image [53] containing page [103] Document Images Pavement, &c. but not modern Architecture, very high over the door, stands the four brass gilt Grecian Horses of Lisippus, sent by Tiridates, King of Arme|nia, to Nero. The Treasure of this Church is very great, shown always in the presence of one of the Pro|curatori; some of the principal things are the twelve Suits of gold Armour, set with Pearl, with Crowns worne by so many Virgins anciently on some Festivals; two other Royal Crowns, and the Doges, all set with Stones of great value; three great Carbuncles, a Flowre-de-luce with a great Diamond in it; a huge Saphir, a cup of one Turquoise, great Massive Candlesticks, and Chalice of Gold; two Crucifixes set with Pearl, &c. besides Relicks of greaier value, as a Tooth of St. Mark; another of Mary Magdalen, a lock of the Virgins Hair, some of the Blood at our Saviours Passion; a piece of John Baptist's skull; one of the Stones that was thrown at St. Stephen, &c. Before this Church is the fine Piazza built about Note in marg: Piazza St. Marco. with Portico's; and were it not for the Buildings that almost divide it into two, would be exceeding spacious. Next to the Church is the Doges Pallace; very Note in marg: Palazzo del Doge. large, and was much finer before 'twas burnt, as by that part which escap'd, crusted with white Marble ap|parts: The Duke himself has only one Appartment, the rest employ'd for the use of Councels, Officers, &c. The great Senate Room is rarely painted, Roof and Sides, the end over the Doges Seat is by the hand of Tintoret, and esteem'd one of the four best pieces of the World: By the Chamber, where the Concillio di Dieci sit, is a little Armory, with Arms in great rea|diness for 1000. Men; the Muskets always charg'd, and Match so dispos'd in a little Engine with Gun|powder, View document image [54] containing page [104] Document Images that pulling a string, lights 100. pieces at once; to this, there is a door out of the Councel, and the Key lyes always by the Duke: There is also a great many Curiosities, as the Sword of Scanderbeg, some Persian Armour, secret Arms, as Halberds that dis|charge several times a Trunk with Pistols, laid Arti|ficially to go off at the opening; Cross-bows to shoot Needles, &c. The fine Church and Monastery of St. George has Note in marg: Monasterio di S. Georgio. Geor|gio. an Island to it self, with a Garden both large and plea|sant: In the Refectory is the excellent Picture, by Pa|olo Veronese, of the Wedding in Canaan, where a|mongst the Musicians he has plac'd himself; this like|wise is one of the four Renowned pieces, and is the freshest and strongest painting of all I have seen. Before the Church of St. John is a brass Statue of Note in marg: S. Gio. e Paolo. Bartolomeo Colone on Horse-back: In the Chappel of St. Hiacinth the Martyrdome of the two Patrons, by Titian, which is the third famous piece; and that of Mich. Angelo's last Judgment at Rome makes the fourth: In the Refectory is a Painting by Paolo Ve|ronese, almost equal to his other; the Cloister and Dormitory very noble. In St. Salvatore there is two Pictures by Titian, of Note in marg: S. Salvatore the Transfiguration and Annunciation. The Church of our Lady is built in an Oval, but Note in marg: Madonna di Salute. not yet finish'd, was a Vow of the Senates in a great Plague. In this Monastery of the Carita, there is the raising Note in marg: La Carita. up of Lazarus, painted by Bassan. The Arsenal is esteem'd three miles in compass, but Note in marg: Arsenal. though not half so much, is vastly great, having Rooms not only for materials, and to make all sorts of Provisions of War, and Magazines for them, when done, but View document image [54] containing page [105] Document Images their Docks for Galleys, Ships, &c. are there also, and every thing that appertains to them, there furnish'd and wrought; all which employs constantly about 1500. Men. In two Chambers above-stairs are Arms for 50000. men, and in two other Rooms the same for 60. Gallies, among which there is the rich Bucentoro, gilded and carved all over, on which the Doge and Senators go to wed the Sea. The Island of Murano is the place where their Glass|houses Note in marg: Murano. stand, whose Trade is infinitely decreas'd, and the Canal by it, the place of Corso, where the Summer Evenings the Ladies take the Fresco. The Diversions there in Carneval, are variety of Note in marg: Carnevale. Habits and Humors, 10000. meeting every After-noon in St. Marks Piazza, of almost so many different Shapes and Gestures, where there is freedom of saying or do|ing any thing whilst mask'd: After 'tis dusk, many of the best quality retire to the Ridotti, a sort of Gaming houses where they play at Cards, or talk with the La|dies, a liberty they only have at this Season, and for that reason, the men in general are Cuckolded but once a year, from thence they either go to the Comedies or incomparable Opera's, where the Scenes and Voices so far excel the French, that they have scarce resem|blance. Towards the latter end of Carneval, they make sport with Baiting of Bulls, and some of their heads are cut off with Swords at a blow: They have Girls, Boys, &c. that play all the Tricks on the high and low Rope, flye down from St. Marks Steeple, with Fire works, &c. In the Cavallerizzo I saw twelve no|ble Venetians richly arm'd and drest with Point, Fea|thers, and Habits of different colours (to distinguish them) perform on Neapolitane Horses all the exercises of Lance, Sword, and Pistol; at Sea-monsters so plac'd, View document image [55] containing page [106] Document Images that they made a pretty Figure in the action; after|wards the Deities of Earth and Sea in great Machines being present, to the Musick, soft Tromba, and incom|parable Voice of rare Antonina, gallop'd and stopt in such excellent time and order, that no Country Dance was ever better perform'd, not the least mistake or error happening all the time. The Soveraignty is in the Grand Councel, which Note in marg: Government. Govern|ment. consists of all the other Councels and Magistrates; next in the Senate, or Pregadi, the Colledge, the Councel of Ten, the Quarante Criminale, &c. The Grand Councel having the Supream power, con|fers Note in marg: Grand Councel. Dignities, makes Laws, Creates Magistrates, and all the other Councels, and into it no Noble Venetian can enter, before the Age of 25. years, except by Balloting for it, and then if it be his lot, he may sit at 20. The Pregadi are the body of the Senate, so called Note in marg: Pregadi. from being pray'd to come to Councel, has now an ad|dition of 60. more, called the Giunto, and admits be|sides the Colledge, the Concillij Criminali, the Coun|cel of Tenn, and some other Magistrates, in all to the number of 276. who Vote by little soft Balls like But|tons, white and yellow put into a Box devided, of the same colours, which takes away all fear of making Ene|mies, and prevents Cabals and Factions: To these are belonging 24. Secretaries, 12. attending, the others with Embassadors. The Colledge consists of the Doge, and six Coun|cellors, Note in marg: Colledge. together stiled the Sigria. and the eldest of them, in the Doges absence supplies his place, so that busi|ness has no delay: There sits likewise three Capi, of the Quarante Criminale, which represent that Coun|cel; six Savij Grandi, five di Terra Ferma, and five Savij alli Ordini; which last, are young men, plac'd View document image [55] containing page [107] Document Images there only to Learn: These receive Petitions, open Let|ters, give Audience to publick Ministers, &c. but no positive Answers, those depending on the Senate. Note in marg: Embrs. Aud. At the Entrance of Embassadors into this Colledge, they all rise up, and are bare, except the Doge, who is so only to Cardinals and Princes, on whose right hand they are afterwards plac'd. The Doge is chosen by all the Nobility of above Note in marg: Doge. thirty years old, by Ballotting several ways for Electors, and then they again for others, varying so often to pre|vent Factions: The Duke, when Elected, has no So|veraignty but in Name, the honour of a Throne, his Mantle and fantastick Crown; yet to make him some|thing esteem'd, they allow all Letters to be directed to him, Money Coyn'd, and Dispatches Sign'd by him, but no Guards, least he should make himself more conside|rable: His constant Revenue but 100. Zecchins a week, and his Children and Brothers deprived th'en|joying any great charge in the State, during his Life, he himself not being permitted to go out of Venice without Leave, and is then without any power. The Councel of Tenn now increas'd to the number Note in marg: Councel of Tenn. of Seaventeen, besides the Duke and his six Councellors, Elected of different Families, without the least affinity or Alliance; are Judges of Treasons and all Criminal matters of highest importance, and Instituted for a check upon the Nobilli: These chuse amongst them|selves Note in marg: Inquisitors. three Inquisitors of State, who serve by turns, have power to enquire against the Doge himself, and every slight suspicion is sufficient to Banish, Imprison, or punish with Death, without mercy, any that reveal their secrets, or Usurp any of the publick Treasure, or Revenue, not regarding the doing an Injustice to par|ticulars for the publick good. View document image [56] containing page [108] Document Images The 40 Criminale is form'd most of the Nobilli too; Note in marg: Quaranta Criminale. of which sort of Council, there are two more, of a second Rank, or Poorer Nobillity; instituted, that none might be discontented, but every one might have his share in the Government: The one is called Civil Vecchia; the other, Civil Nuova: The first, for Appeals from the City, the latter from the Country; and they sit in Se|nate by turns, every sixteen Moneths; which Change is practis'd, in the Senate it self, the Councel of Tenn, and in all other Offices, and Magistrates, except the Chancellor: The People by that means, in a little space, being freed from Oppression, and ill Governours, if such should chance to be Elected: Besides, so many Councels prevents the Altering of the Government; which from a few, might easier succeed, and sooner dis|patch Business. The Six Savij Grandi, are a kind of Ministers of State; who every day after Councel, consult together Note in marg: Savij Grandi. Gran|di. of that Dayes Business; and once a Week, carry what is Ripe to the Senate; and being Men of great Experi|ence, their Preparation prevents the Confusion that would arise from so many Opinions; the Ignorant be|ing ever the greatest Number in all Assemblies. The Savij di Terra Ferma are inferior to the For|mer; Note in marg: 5 Savij di Terra Ferma. Fer|ma. can give their Votes in the Colledge, but not in the Senate: And of these are chosen the Savio Cas|siere, and the Savio alla Scrittura; the first provides and disburses the Money; the other has the Superinten|dance of the Militia. The Procuratorij ought to be but Nine, but are now Note in marg: Procuratorij. Procura|torij. Thirty six; encreased by their Necessities in the Warr of Candia, then selling these Honours, for 20000 Duc|cats a piece; but as they dye, will come to their first Institution. The Dignity is esteem'd very great; for, View document image [56] containing page [109] Document Images having the doors of the Senate always open to them, and freed from being sent Embassadors, except in ex|traordinary; yet this Office nevertheless is void of all power, not having the liberty to enter either into the Grand Councel, or that of Tenn, but is purely Church|warden, and without any other Authority than what relates to the Church of St. Mark, the having a care of Orphans, &c. Citizens are admitted to have several Charges; one Note in marg: Grand Chancellor. of the Principal is made Grand Chancellor, with the Title of Exc^Single illegible letter. Ducal habit, and the priviledge to enter into Senate, Councels, &c. where he may give his O|pinion, but not Vote; his allowance 3000. Duccats a year, and worth 10000. more, is the only place that is for term of Life, and esteem'd the best in the Re|publique. They have also three Avogadors, a sort of Attorney Note in marg: Avogadors. General, which to make more fierce and keen, are al|low'd good part of the Estates Confiscated: The seve|ral Providitori, &c. because too tedious, I omit; but 'tis to be observ'd that no man is suffer'd to enjoy two places, be they never so inconsiderable, and the Nobi|lity must run through the most inferior employments, before they can possess those that are desirable, by which means they arrive at the great ones, when they are in riper years, and fitter to manage them, and the small ones are not despised; for if any refuse the charge he is Elected to, he is fined 2000. Duccats, and Banish'd the Grand Counsel for two years. The noble Families, with those added in the War of Note in marg: Number of Nobility. Candia, are about 220. and before that, to conceal their small number, and take away emulation, they gave leave to Secretaries, Lawyers, Physicians and Nota|ries to wear their habits, which they still continue. View document image [57] containing page [110] Document Images They are so Jealous of one anothers aspiring to the Note in marg: Jealousie. Soveraignty, that they will not suffer Popularity in a|ny, and therefore poyson'd Loredano for having emi|nently served his Country in quieting and appeasing a Tumult with his single presence, that none of the Magistrates with Arguments or Force could prevail upon. To speak with any forreign Minister, or his Ser|vants, is no less than Treason, and therefore they flye them like the Plague, a Policy in such a Government, absolutely necessary, for in so great an Assembly there will be some, from whom Embassadors by their presents would not want Intelligence of their greatest secrets, and now no Treasure or Reward can prevail to make them hang upon the Gallowes by the foot. Their own Embassadors, at their return, are oblig'd to give in writing an account of their Negociation, and to lay their presents before the Senate which marks of honor, they are nevertheless not deprived of. In the Government they leave the Reins loose, in all Note in marg: Policy. things that are not directly prejudicial to the State; their greatest Vices, Wenching and Gaming, are coun|tenanc'd, because it renders them too Slothful and Ef|feminate to think of Rebellion; and in imitation of the Nobility, the Religious also take their liberty, it not being in the power of the Nuncio nor Pope him|self to hinder; for the Secular Magistrate can only im|prison, who will rather protect than punish; and they would not have the Priests of Exemplar piety, lest they should by the Vulgar be too much lov'd and rever'd, which might at one time or other prove dan|gerous to the State; besides, by conniving at their De|bauchery, they can the easier get their Monasteries sup|press'd by the Pope when they have need of money. View document image [57] containing page [111] Document Images The Spiritual affairs are govern'd by a Patriarch, Note in marg: Patriarch and Inquisition. which always is a noble Venetian, and chosen by the Senate, who have plac'd three Nobles also in the In|quisition, as Assistants, without which the Ecclesiasticks can effect nothing; and order'd that the goods of the Condemn'd should not go to the Church, but to the Heirs of the Criminal; so that, that, which in other places is a terrible Tribunal, there frights no body, having power only to act by the Senates will, who suf|fer Heresie because 'tis a City of Trade, and other Crimes and Sins being inferior to that, are not minded; Lutherans too, &c. are without scruple Bury'd in their Churches. When any Dispatch arrives from Rome, the Senate Note in marg: Pope oblig'd. ob|lig'd. make use of two Doctors, one of Divinity, the other of Law; and the latter is to observe there be nothing in it any way to the damage of the State; and then ha|ving both Sign'd it, 'tis presented to the Senate, with|out whose assent no Bull has there any force; and if it require any Answer, those two above-nam'd Doctors form it to their mind; and then sending for the Nun|cio, tell him in very good words their Resolution; and if he reply, or desire any further satisfaction in the mat|ter, they are silent; and any Senator that has Relation to a Cardinal, or Popes Nephew, &c. cannot be at such debate. The Devotion of the City in general, is after the Note in marg: Devotion. Example of the young Nobilli, who use the Churches chiefly for Love appointments: And for the Monaste|ries of Women, their Exercises are such as would have made even Aretine to blush, being accused of Wantonness, Shameful, and Incredible. They permit abundance of Jews to Live and Trade Note in marg: Jews. there, who are obliged to keep a small Banck to lend View document image [58] containing page [112] Document Images to the Poor on Pawns, without Interest; and wear red Hats for distinction: These for their reputed Secrecy are very much cherish'd by the Nobility, there not being one but has his Jew for his Confident, nor Jew with|out his Protector. Their Territroies on Terra serma, are put into these divisions, La Marca Treviggiana, Il Friuli, Il Padou|ano, Note in marg: Government Govern|ment of Terra ferma. Il Vicentino, Il Veronese, Il Bresciano, Il Bergamasco, Il Cremasco; then part of Dalmatia, Istria, the Islands of Corsu, Zante, and Cephalonia, Cerigo, TSingle illegible letterne, and three places still remaining to them in the Kingdom of Candia. In the Government of these, to make them most secure, they do all they can possible to keep the Nobility at odds, and make them to each other mortal Enemies, a Policy begun by Erizzo Lieutenant of Udine, who observing the great Unity and Friendship of that Gentry, and natural Affection to the House of Austria, writ to the State that they would provide some remedy for the inconveniences that might grow from it. The advice was grateful, and im|mediately they sent him Ducal Letters to confer the Dignities of Counts on several of the most ancient Fa|milies, which he was to do on pretence of rewarding their merits: These Honours were greedily received, and immediately between them and those that wanted, grew a mortal feu'd, not yet extinguish'd, which has not only prevented them from having any Plots or In|telligence with their Neighbors, but by their frequent quarrels and follies, made them forfeit most of their E|states, to the great advantage of the Venetians. Their strongest places are Orsinuovi, Peschiera, Note in marg: Places of Strength. Linago, Castel di Brescia, Castel S. Felice di Ve|rona and Palma Nuova in Friuli, which is one of the best, being round, with nine Royal Bulworks, three View document image [58] containing page [113] Document Images miles in compass, and requires 8000. Men. It is a Fortification against Germany, and secures that Coun|try from the Ravage of the Turks. As to their Souldiers, the Republique is serv'd by Note in marg: Souldiers, Galleys, &c. Strangers, Germans and others, their Militia of Terra Ferma being of little Value, having no experience; but they think them useful on any suddain Alarm, and might resist till they could provide better; besides, do serve to make a show to their Neighbors of seeming al|ways Arm'd: Their own people they dare not train, nor of them compose an absolute Army, lest they should turn their Arms upon the Nobility themselves, who they perfectly hate: The State therefore leaves them freely to enjoy all manner of Sloth and Luxury; the Republique by their Mony only, and others Dissenti|ons, having made themselves thus considerable, not by their own Valour. Of this Militia (such as it is) they have 139. Companies, and the Captains and Serjeants have Pay; they have besides 20. Companies, of 200. each; and 15. Troops of Horse that are all paid; six Gallys always in the Gulf, and 30. more in rea|diness, which they can double upon occasion. Their Revenue is about four Millions and a half Note in marg: Revenue. yearly of Duccats, but in time of War they encrease their Gabels and Impositions on all things, which is ever paid without Force or Violence. In the last War with Candia, they sold all Offices, by which they rais'd 500000. Duccats, the Lands that was given to the Church of St. Mark, Commons, &c. besides the great sum by the suppress'd Monasteries, and the advantage they had by leaving the door of Honour open to all that brought 100000. Duccats to be made noble; which last has been of ill Consequence, for being most Mer|chants that were so admitted, that mony, and they, being View document image [59] containing page [114] Document Images otherwise employ'd, they have since considerably decay'd in their Trade; the soul of that, and all other States: In the same time they also had a Lottery, with which they got a very great sum of money, and drew most of it out of Strangers pockets, and a long time publickly delay'd the giving the Prizes, alledging they were not all drawn; so had the use of both. Of greatest advantage is the Banco di Giro, where Note in marg: Banco di Giro. the Republick have the Benefit of more than five Millions of Duccats without a farthing Interest; every Merchant putting in part of his Estate there, which upon any bargain is pass'd to another without other de|lay or circumstance, then altering the name; and if any man would have ready money for his Intrest in it, there are always those ready to give it him; and who have not moneys in this manner, have not any Credit; for there they go to see the worth first of him they intend to trust, and accordingly confide. Money constantly paid into the Publick Treasury. View document image [59] containing page [115] Document Images Duccats. Datij di Venezia 1724988 Decime ordinarie 240000 Dalli Taglioni 80000 Dall Impositione del Campadego 70000 Dalle Decime del Clero 10000 Dalli Contributioni dell'arti 60726 Dall Universita dell Hebrei 52000 D'uffitij e Cariche Vitalitie 25000 Dalli Datij di Terra ferma 1168973 Dalle Decime 2810000 Dalli Taglioni 110000 Dall' Impositione del Campadego 90000 Dalle Decime del Clero 100000 Dalle Colte 40000 Rendite di Dalmatia 11448 Rendite delle tre Isole 132258 4195393 Constant Disbursments out of the Treasury. Duccats. Officiali del Arsenale 124000 Per comprare Robbe bisognose al detto Arsenale 89033 Frutti chepaga la Zecca 1692657 Per Salnitri 36000 Per Paga del Armata e suoi Bisogni 399043 Per i Biscotti 200000 Per mantenemento delle Fortezze 29000 Militie e Fortezze delle tre Isole 200053 Salarij del Sermo. Doge 97778 Cancellaria Ducale 11910 Per spese straordinarie 148924 Per il Magistrato dell Aque 40738 Per l'occorrenze del Cono. di Dieci 42350 Per la Fanteria di Terra ferma 128140 Per la Cavalleria della Medesima 32380 Per la Cavalleria di Dalmatia 31680 Per l'Offitiali condotti 25000 3135786 Traffick for many Reasons is forbidden to the No|bili; Note in marg: Traffick. yet privately nevertheless, most of them do use it; but the Trade in General, now is very inconsiderable, having long agoe lost that of the Indies from Aleppo, and since that with the Turks, the Genoese being crept into it; besides what the English and Dutch did fur|nish in the time of their War with Candia; before which they made in Venice yearly 2600. Cloaths, now View document image [60] containing page [116] Document Images not 500. which they sent into Turkie, besides Silks, Gold, Silver, Christal Glasses, &c. some of which went further on into Persia, Arabia, and Armenia. To a|void Transportation of their Mony to any Forraign Country, they wear nothing but their own Manufacture, having very severe Laws against Extravagance of Habit. The Pope and this Republique are like those Twins, which Note in marg: Intrest with Pope. growing together in their bodys, find such Impediment, that the one would certainly destroy the other, if they did not both know that on the life of his Companion depended his own, and not daring to Ruine, they assist each other. To Savoy (though they hate that Duke for his pre|tension Note in marg: Savoy. to Cyprus) they always give their assistance, lest a more powerful Neighbour should come in his place. They have much esteem and affection for the great Note in marg: Tuscany. Duke, believing him very wise, and of great knowledge in State affairs, and because Neutral to the two power|ful Crowns of France and Spain, and as a mark of their respect, his Resident is received with open doors, a Complement not allow'd to any other Prince in Italy. There was anciently great Enmity between the State Note in marg: Genoua. of Genoua and this Republick; but since they appear'd for the Intrest of France, as well as Spain, it is much lessen'd. The Duke of Mantoua they call their Son, having Note in marg: Mantoua. been under their Protection in his Minority, and upon any occasion are ready to defend his State at their own expence, being desirous he should absolutely depend up|on them. With Modena they are luke-warm, and with Parma Note in marg: Modena and Parma. no correspondence; upon occasion of a disgust given View document image [60] containing page [117] Document Images his Resident at Venice, whether now he sends no more. With the Swizzers and Grisons they have great Note in marg: Swizzers and Grisons Friendship, as well in respect of resemblance of Go|vernment, as to resist Spain or the Emperor; against ei|ther of which, for their sakes they would make no scru|ple to declare open War, and do the like to France. To the Emperors damage they are always forward to Note in marg: Emperor. contribute where it is not prejudicial to themselves, and the rather, because conscious how much they Usurp of his, They conclude he can never be their Friend; and are so strickt in their Dominion over the Adriatick, that they make him pay an acknowledgment for all Vessels that come into any of his own Ports in that Sea. With Spain at present they have a pretty good Note in marg: Spain. Correspondence, because more inconsiderable than it for|merly was. There is no Nation they hate so much as the French, Note in marg: France. for they look upon them as Authors of the War in Can|dia, and the loss of it too, giving them seeming suc|cours only, and behaved themselves there, as they did in their Fleet, assisting of the English. With England they ever had, and still have a good Note in marg: England. Correspondence. With Holland they did believe they should have had Note in marg: Holland. a lasting Amity, since they had both the same designes and the same fears from the two Crowns; but now out of Emulation of the Hollanders too great Dominion at Sea, there is no more that Friendship. Denmark and Sweden are so remote, that they are Note in marg: Denmark & Sweden. insignificant to them, but their good wishes they would soonest bestow on the latter. With the Great Turk they are forc'd to keep an Em|bassador, Note in marg: G. Turk. View document image [61] containing page [118] Document Images called il Bailo, lest he ravish some of their Territories in Dalmatia, &c. and out of that fear, fre|quently make presents to him, and the principal Sul|tana's in the Seraglio. PADOUA Stands on the River Brent; on the Banks Note in marg: Padoua. of which, all the way to it, are Villas of the noble Ve|netians; 'tis environ'd with a Ditch, and great Ram|parts fac'd with Stone, but not alla moderna; is very large, and therefore very weak, low Built, few Inha|bitants, and most of the Houses upon Portico's of very ordinary Pillars. It has about 400. Schollars and 40. Professors, paid by the Republick, but scarce any Col|ledges: The Anatomy Schools only are remarkable, and the great Hall of Justice big almost as that in Westminster, and like it, without Pillars: In the Sci|tuation, and in every thing else it very much resembles Pisa. The Church of St. Anthony has on the side of it in Note in marg: S. Antonio. Mezzo Relievo, the History of its Patron, and some of the Figures, by Sansovinus; and before his Tomb hang thirty or forty Lamps of Silver: On the other side lyes famous Gatto Mela, the Venetian General, who near the Church has his Statue on Horse-back, made by a Florentine. Sa. Giustina is plain, but Majestick; the Archi|tecture Note in marg: Sa. Giustina much esteem'd, being built by Paladio; the floor Marble, black and yellow, finer than can be exprest, and the high Altar suitable: here are the Tombs of St. Luke and St. Matthias, and the Martyrdom of Sa. Giustina, painted by Paolo Veronese; the Mona|stery also is very fine and large; by it is the Campo Santo. There is also a Church dedicate to our Saint Thomas Note in marg: S. Tomaso di Cantuaria. Cantua|ria. of Canterbury, and in it lyes an English Lady, Ka|therine Whittenhal. View document image [61] containing page [119] Document Images In the Street is the old Tomb of Anteonor, with Note in marg: Anteonor's Tomb. Gothick Letters on it, which makes it doubted whether his or not. 'Tis govern'd by a Podesta, as the rest of their Note in marg: Governor. Cities; a Magistrate that Judges on Life and Death, but suffers the Inhabitants to quarrel as much as they please; for the Padoans having been the Creators of the Venetians, now hate the very name; and they knowing it, suffer them to destroy one another, and gain that way a sweet revenge, having their Estates too into the bargain: The Schollars imitate the others, and have continually a civil War amongst them, but are seldom punish'd, lest is might perhaps be less famous for Anatomy, or that they should forsake the Town which wholly subsists by them. These Podestas have also the power to lay Tolls, have the care of High|ways, Hospitals, &c. Live in State, attended by Gentle|men; have their Guards, Coaches, Pages, &c. Are allow'd a Councel, but their Government not above two or three years durance. That the Venetians receive by all sorts of Duties Note in marg: Revenue. and Impositions on the City and Country, is annually 174224. Duccats. VICENZA Is a very pleasant Town, in a delicious Note in marg: Vicenza. Country, stands upon two Rivers, and near agreeable Hills; has many fine Pallaces, most noted is that great one in the Piazza, with the Gardens of Valmarana, Orangerie, Canal, &c. The Theatre built by Palladio, of a particular manner, and his Triumphal Arch by the Corso. This City and Province is Govern'd also by a Podesta, and the Revenue the Venetians draw from it, is 105311. Duccats annually. VERONA Is very large, stands high, in a good Note in marg: Verona Air, and pleasantly; is generally well Built, full of People, abounds with all sorts of Provisions, has the View document image [62] containing page [120] Document Images Adice, a noble River runs winding through it, with four Bridges over it; has five handsome Gates and two Castles; has two Piazzas, one for Gentlemen, another for Merchants, and an old Amphitheatre, almost per|fect on the In-side, us'd by the City for several Sports. In the Monastery of St. George is that Saints Picture, made by Paolo Veronese, so much esteem'd that a Lord-Marshal of England could not buy it for 2000. Pistols. The Government is as the two former Pro|vinces, and the Revenue to the State yearly 139845. Duccats. In this Province is a Lake of 36. miles long; and Note in marg: Lago di Garda. near 14. broad, as clear as Christal, full of incompa|rable Trouts and Carpioni; the Country about it most delicious, affording excellent Moscatello, and all things that can be wish'd for: At the end of it stands a great Note in marg: Peschiera. Cittadel, call'd Peschiera, regular with five Bastions, through which all pass they please to permit, and not possible for any else. BRESCIA Is pleasant, has Walls and Ramparts, Note in marg: Brescia. is indifferently well built, not so well, nor by much so large as Verona; has nevertheless several Pallaces, one new one with a flat Roof, whose Spouts are held by the Figures of Women, leaning over, as it were peeping at those that pass: In the mid'st of the Town, on rais'd ground, is an old Castle, and divers little Rivelets run through it; 'tis famous for Gun-Smiths, whose work is admirable for its cheapness as well as curiosity. The Revenue to the Venetians, out of this Province, is yearly 203680 Duccats. CREMA Is a pretty little Town, and well Forti|fied, Note in marg: Crema and Bergamo. but worse than Brescia in all respects; parallel with Bergamo, both Frontiers to the Spaniards, but the latter the most considerable; four miles beyond View document image [62] containing page [121] Document Images these Cities the Venetian Territories end, which hi|ther is 160. miles; a Country like a Garden, with innumerable Rivelets and Brooks, and so fertile that I cannot remember I saw one ASingle illegible letterre of bad ground in it. The Revenue of this Province yearly, is 180592. Duccats to the Venetians. LODINUOVA: The Spanish Frontier to the Ve|netians Note in marg: Lodi Nuova. Nuo|va. stands upon rising ground, has a River runs by it, is a v[...] little Town, and as indifferently Forti|fied. MANTOUA has Single illegible letter secure, but base Scituation, Note in marg: Mantoua. being inviron'd with Marshes, and a Lake, so that there is but two entrances to it, and those over Bridges: The Town is inconsiderable; the Duke a petty Soveraign, of the same force and strength of Parma or Modena, having scarce 400000. Crowns yearly Revenue: His Intrest like the rest, to be of any mans side that can protect him. MIRANDOLA is another Principality, whose lit|tle Note in marg: Mirandola. Monarch, with all sorts of Taxes and Impositions cannot make himself a Revenue greater than an Eng|lish Noble-man, being at most but 60000. Crowns a year. NOVARA Is a Town not well Built, but well For|tified; Note in marg: Novara. is very populous, and the Frontier to Pied|mont: nine miles beyond which, the Spanish Domini|ons end. VERCELLI, The Duke of Savoys Frontier Town Note in marg: Vercelli. to the Spaniards has on one side a little River, and is admirably Fortified to be on such a Sandy place: The Bastions are all very fresh and regular, and the watch Towers cover'd with Tin, which looks very prettily; the second Gate at the entry from Milan is nobly Built, but the Town very indifferently, yet not very little: Here every one speaks both Italian and French. View document image [63] containing page [122] Document Images CASAL, a little Town of the Duke of Mantoua's, Note in marg: Casal. and one of the strongest in Italy; has the River Po on one side, and a great Cittadel on the other, besides excellent Walls, Ditches, and Ramparts. ITALY in GENERAL, except the Appennines, (which is a fourth part of it) is a perfect Garden; the Note in marg: Italy in General. Ge|neral. Trees and lusty Vines being every where set in order, most of it fertile, beyond expression; abounds with Ri|vers and Christal Lakes, excellent Pastur[...]e enclos'd with Quicksets, Lanes, &c. like England; has the most and the finest Cities, Church[...]· Pallaces, Gardens, Vil|la's, &c. of any Territory of its extent in the World; and this advantage above all other Countries in Eu|rope, that it produces all that they do, and that which they have not. Its Wines are incomparable, and of infinite variety and delicacy, pleasing at once both scent and tast; The Provisions of all sorts excellent, exceeding England in some things, and France in all. The Horses admirable, both for shape and mettle, Note in marg: Horses. and they ride and drive them very like the English. The Gentry so courteous and civil, that except in Note in marg: People. matters of Love, 'tis impossible to offend them; and to a Stranger they will almost pardon any thing. Very constant in their Friendship, but at first Note in marg: Humour. sight not so familiar as the French, being generally more reserv'd, and too wise to be impertinent, or to be any mans Friend, or Enemy, where there's no reason for it. Are of such a happy temper, that they can be ex|cellent Note in marg: Temper and Learning. Learn|ing. in any thing they please to undertake, even in Buffonncrie and Fooling, out-doing Monsieur himself, in whom 'tis natural; and besides their being the greatest Souldiers and Generals of all Ages, and ex|celling too in Politicks, the Mathematicks and solid Learning for Architecture, Sculpture; Musick, and View document image [63] containing page [123] Document Images Painting, are as much admired by the wisest of the World, as France is by others, for their Modes of Ha|bit, Speaking, Dancing, Riding, &c. The Ladies have fine Shapes and Features, rare Note in marg: Women. Eyes and Teeth, and colour generally not inferior to the more Northern Countrys, (excepting some very flaxen Beauties which a too feeble Sun has left unripe) and have as few ill breaths as crooked amongst them. Their [...]rtues as great as any Womens, seldom be|ing Unchast, without Temptation, and then with such Note in marg: Vertues. secresie and caution, undefined span of illegible text is scarce a fault. Have great Wit, and such variety of Charms, that Note in marg: Wit and Charms. their Love never cloys; and their incomparable Voices, and sweet Language, added to the rest, makes Italy a Paradice. FINIS. Send your suggestions, comments or queries to our Webmaster. End Session | Site map | Accessibility Data arrangement and software copyright © 2003-2019 ProQuest LLC. All Rights Reserved. Keyboarded and encoded full text © 2003-2004 Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. All Rights Reserved. Privacy policy Cookie Preference