Ismaros ...are divided as to whether or not any of the places visited by Odysseus (after Ismaros and before his return to Ithaca) are real. Influences on the Odyssey Scholars...
Ismaros
80 Pylos ...of Nestor, most venerable of the Greek warriors at Troy, now at home in Pylos. From there, Telemachus rides overland, accompanied by Nestor's...
Pylos
74 Middle East ...at a later date. Similar stories are found in cultures across Europe and the Middle East. According to this explanation, the cyclops was originally simply a giant or...
Middle East
79 14.7170002,37.280398,0 Aegisthus ...homecoming. Upon Agamemnon's return, his wife, Clytemnestra, and her lover, Aegisthus, kill Agamemnon. Agamemnon's son, Orestes, out of vengeance for his father's...
Aegisthus
78 Ulysses ...ever since the Middle Ages. Merugud Uilix maicc Leirtis ("On the Wandering of Ulysses, son of Laertes") is an eccentric Old Irish version of the material; the work...
Ulysses
80 -101.35517,37.58141,0 Troy ...While Helen laments the fit of lust brought on by Aphrodite that sent her to Troy with Paris, Menelaus recounts how she betrayed the Greeks by attempting to...
Troy
79 26.23873,39.9577,0 Troy ...last reveals his identity. He then begins to tell the story of his return from Troy. Odysseus' account of his adventures After a failed piratical raid...
Troy
81 26.23873,39.9577,0 Cyrene ...said to have been stolen from Musaeus by either Eugamon or Eugammon of Cyrene (see Cyclic poets). Synopsis Exposition The Odyssey begins ten years after the...
Cyrene
73 21.856169,32.818736,0 Ithaca ...Islands. There are difficulties in the apparently simple identification of Ithaca, the homeland of Odysseus, which may or may not be the same island that is now...
Ithaca
77 20.638399,38.44193,0 Ithaca ...from Troy. The shipbuilding Phaeacians then loan him a ship to return to Ithaca, where he is aided by the swineherd Eumaeus, meets Telemachus, regains his...
Ithaca
75 20.638399,38.44193,0 Ithaca ...Egypt; finally he had been shipwrecked in Thesprotia and crossed from there to Ithaca. Meanwhile, Telemachus sails home from Sparta, evading an ambush set by the...
Ithaca
81 20.638399,38.44193,0 Ithaca ...focuses on the Greek hero Odysseus (known as Ulysses in Roman myths), king of Ithaca, and his journey home after the fall of Troy. It takes Odysseus ten years to...
Ithaca
80 20.638399,38.44193,0 Thesprotia ...Odysseus in Crete. Closely questioned, he adds that he had recently been in Thesprotia and had learned something there of Odysseus's recent wanderings. Odysseus's...
Thesprotia
78 20.25,39.75,0 Ithaca ...They deliver him at night, while he is fast asleep, to a hidden harbour on Ithaca. He finds his way to the hut of one of his own slaves, the swineherd Eumaeus...
Ithaca
77 20.638399,38.44193,0 Troy ...narrative poem for them. Penelope objects to Phemius' theme, the "Return from Troy", because it reminds her of her missing husband, but Telemachus rebuts her...
Troy
80 26.23873,39.9577,0 Troy ...king of Ithaca, and his journey home after the fall of Troy. It takes Odysseus ten years to reach Ithaca after the ten-year Trojan War. In...
Troy
57 26.23873,39.9577,0 Crete ...meets Penelope and tests her intentions by saying he once met Odysseus in Crete. Closely questioned, he adds that he had recently been in Thesprotia and had...
Crete
76 24.995769971494504,35.21984439173344,0 Anatolia ...the end of the 8th century BC, somewhere in Ionia, the Greek coastal region of Anatolia. The poem mainly focuses on the Greek hero Odysseus (known...
Anatolia
81 31.033254534661616,39.64014749138555,0 Egypt ...in the Trojan War, and had then spent seven years at the court of the king of Egypt; finally he had been shipwrecked in Thesprotia and crossed from there to...
Egypt
80 30.567329633333333,19.211408766666665,0 Ithaca ...Sparta, evading an ambush set by the Suitors. He disembarks on the coast of Ithaca and makes for Eumaeus's hut. Father and son meet; Odysseus identifies himself...
Ithaca
78 20.638399,38.44193,0 Ithaca ...the true prince. The next morning, Telemachus calls an assembly of citizens of Ithaca to discuss what should be done with the suitors. Accompanied by Athena (now...
Ithaca
81 20.638399,38.44193,0 Sparta ...is yet to return. Both Helen and Menelaus also say that they returned to Sparta after a long voyage by way of Egypt. There, on the island of Pharos, Menelaus...
Sparta
75 22.42454,37.08149,0 Crete ...he tells the farm laborers a fictitious tale of himself: He was born in Crete, had led a party of Cretans to fight alongside other Greeks in the Trojan War...
Crete
74 24.995769971494504,35.21984439173344,0 Egypt ...Menelaus also say that they returned to Sparta after a long voyage by way of Egypt. There, on the island of Pharos, Menelaus encountered the old sea-god Proteus...
Egypt
79 30.567329633333333,19.211408766666665,0 Ithaca ...as it were, and persuades both sides to give up the vendetta. After this, Ithaca is at peace once more, concluding the Odyssey. Character of Odysseus Odysseus'...
Ithaca
76 20.638399,38.44193,0 Ithaca ...out that Odysseus has now caused the deaths of two generations of the men of Ithaca: his sailors, not one of whom survived; and the Suitors, whom he has now...
Ithaca
79 20.638399,38.44193,0 Ithaca ...describes the orchard that Laertes had previously given him. The citizens of Ithaca have followed Odysseus on the road, planning to avenge the killing of the...
Ithaca
79 20.638399,38.44193,0 Ithaca ...about 20 years old and is sharing his absent father's house on the island of Ithaca with his mother Penelope and a crowd of 108 boisterous young men, "the...
Ithaca
79 20.638399,38.44193,0 Ithaca ...his journey home after the fall of Troy. It takes Odysseus ten years to reach Ithaca after the ten-year Trojan War. In his absence, it is assumed Odysseus has died...
Ithaca
80 20.638399,38.44193,0 Sparta ...there, Telemachus rides overland, accompanied by Nestor's son Peisistratus, to Sparta, where he finds Menelaus and Helen, who have somewhat reconciled. While Helen...
Sparta
81 22.42454,37.08149,0 Mycenae ...Telemachus learns the fate of Menelaus' brother Agamemnon, king of Mycenae and leader of the Greeks at Troy: he was murdered on his return home by his...
Mycenae
69 22.756111,37.730833,0 Thrinacia ...even though Scylla snatched up six men. Next, they landed on the island of Thrinacia. Zeus caused a storm which prevented them leaving. While Odysseus was away...
Thrinacia
77 Ogygia ...he clung to a fig tree above Charybdis. Washed ashore on the island of Ogygia, he was compelled to remain there as Calypso's lover, bored, homesick and...
Ogygia
73 Mt. Mashu ...sun: Gilgamesh reaches Siduri's house by passing through a tunnel underneath Mt. Mashu, the high mountain from which the sun comes into the sky. West argues that the...
Mt. Mashu
79 Gilgamesh ...was originally simply a giant or ogre, much like Humbaba in the Epic of Gilgamesh; the detail about it having one eye was simply invented in order to explain how...
Gilgamesh
74 Ogygia ...recounts the story of Odysseus. After he has spent seven years in captivity on Ogygia, the island of Calypso, she falls deeply in love with him, even though he has...
Ogygia
81 Troy ...him because Odysseus was not there for him in his childhood because he went to Troy to fight for her and also about his exploit of stealing the Palladium, or the...
Troy
81 26.23873,39.9577,0 Troy ...of Menelaus' brother Agamemnon, king of Mycenae and leader of the Greeks at Troy: he was murdered on his return home by his wife Clytemnestra and her...
Troy
78 26.23873,39.9577,0 Troy ...lamenting the fact that they were not only unable to return together from Troy but that Odysseus is yet to return. Both Helen and Menelaus also say that they...
Troy
76 26.23873,39.9577,0 Ithaca ...any of the places visited by Odysseus (after Ismaros and before his return to Ithaca) are real. Influences on the Odyssey Scholars have seen strong influences from...
Ithaca
80 20.638399,38.44193,0 Ithaca ...did not realise how long it would take to get home to his family. Return to Ithaca Having listened with rapt attention to his story, the Phaeacians, who are...
Ithaca
78 20.638399,38.44193,0 Thesprotia ...years at the court of the king of Egypt; finally he had been shipwrecked in Thesprotia and crossed from there to Ithaca. Meanwhile, Telemachus sails home from Sparta...
Thesprotia
78 20.25,39.75,0 Sparta ...crossed from there to Ithaca. Meanwhile, Telemachus sails home from Sparta, evading an ambush set by the Suitors. He disembarks on the coast of Ithaca and...
Sparta
70 22.42454,37.08149,0 Sparta ...not written by Homer. It was usually attributed in antiquity to Cinaethon of Sparta. In one source, the Telegony was said to have been stolen from Musaeus by...
Sparta
79 22.42454,37.08149,0 Eurycleia ...recent wanderings. Odysseus's identity is discovered by the housekeeper, Eurycleia, when she recognizes an old scar as she is washing his feet. Eurycleia tries to...
Eurycleia
75 Ionian Islands ...his wanderings) take place in the Peloponnese and in what are now called the Ionian Islands. There are difficulties in the apparently simple identification of Ithaca, the...
Ionian Islands
79 20.423446896650233,38.62865652453393,0 Scheria ...as told to the Phaeacians, and the location of the Phaeacians' own island of Scheria, pose more fundamental problems, if geography is to be applied: scholars, both...
Scheria
79 Cyclopes ...beings that are close to the gods include the Phaeacians who lived near Cyclopes, whose king, Alcinous, is the great-grandson of the king of the...
Cyclopes
74 Samosata ...involving Polyphemus with a humorous twist. A True Story, written by Lucian of Samosata in the 2nd century AD, is a satire on the Odyssey and on ancient travel tales...
Samosata
81 38.530357,37.525756,0 St. Lucia ...Walcott, is in part a retelling of the Odyssey, set on the Caribbean island of St. Lucia. The film Ulysses' Gaze (1995) directed by Theo Angelopoulos has many of the...
St. Lucia
81 -60.97006016217542,13.897733049039081,0 Mount Olympus ...return home when Odysseus' enemy, the god of the sea Poseidon, is absent from Mount Olympus. Then, disguised as a Taphian chieftain named Mentes, she visits Telemachus to...
Mount Olympus
80 22.3584897,40.0862269,0 Ionia ...the Odysseywas composed near the end of the 8th century BC, somewhere in Ionia, the Greek coastal region of Anatolia. The poem mainly focuses on the Greek...
Ionia
75 27.36601213333333,38.258572855555556,0 Eurycleia ...but Athena makes sure that Penelope cannot hear her. Odysseus then swears Eurycleia to secrecy. Slaying of the Suitors The next day, at Athena's prompting...
Eurycleia
76 Aeaea ...him by Circe, a goddess who is the daughter of the sun-god Helios. Her island, Aeaea, is located at the edges of the world and seems to have close associations with...
Aeaea
81 Europe ...embedded in it at a later date. Similar stories are found in cultures across Europe and the Middle East. According to this explanation, the cyclops was originally...
Europe
79 27.5,42.5,0 Aegisthus ...Aegisthus. This parallel compares the death of the suitors to the death of Aegisthus and sets Orestes up as an example for Telemachus. Also, because Odysseus knows...
Aegisthus
77 Hercules ...travel tales, describing a journey sailing westward, beyond the Pillars of Hercules and to the Moon, the first known text that could be called science...
Hercules
77 -0.96882,37.55911,0 Dublin ...is a retelling of The Odyssey set in modern-day Dublin. Each chapter in the book has an assigned theme, technique, and correspondences...
Dublin
50 -6.24889,53.33306,0 Caribbean ...epic poem by Derek Walcott, is in part a retelling of the Odyssey, set on the Caribbean island of St. Lucia. The film Ulysses' Gaze (1995) directed by Theo...
Caribbean
80 -67.6760604684654,12.813874589109446,0 Ismaros ...Troy. Odysseus' account of his adventures After a failed piratical raid on Ismaros in the land of the Cicones, Odysseus and his twelve ships were driven off...
Ismaros
77 Troy ...mainland and the household of Nestor, most venerable of the Greek warriors at Troy, now at home in Pylos. From there, Telemachus rides overland, accompanied by...
Troy
80 26.23873,39.9577,0 Troy ...for her and also about his exploit of stealing the Palladium, or the Luck of Troy, where she was the only one to recognize him. Menelaus, meanwhile, also praises...
Troy
79 26.23873,39.9577,0 Troy ...telling them, and the reader, of all his adventures since departing from Troy. The shipbuilding Phaeacians then loan him a ship to return to Ithaca, where he...
Troy
75 26.23873,39.9577,0 Eumaeus ...and son meet; Odysseus identifies himself to Telemachus (but still not to Eumaeus), and they decide that the Suitors must be killed. Telemachus goes home first...
Eumaeus
76 Ithaca ...himself appends a new ending to The Odyssey in which he never returns to Ithaca and instead continues his restless adventuring. Nikos Kazantzakis aspires to...
Ithaca
75 20.638399,38.44193,0 Ithaca ...the west wind, a gift that should have ensured a safe return home. Just as Ithaca came into sight, the greedy sailors naively opened the bag while Odysseus...
Ithaca
77 20.638399,38.44193,0